Physics and Society

New submissions

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New submissions for Fri, 10 May 24

[1]  arXiv:2405.05400 [pdf, other]

Title: Comparative analysis of graph randomization: Tools,methods, pitfalls, and best practices

Authors: Bart De Clerck, Filip Van Utterbeeck, Luis E.C. Rocha

Comments: 32 pages, 11 figures, 1 annex

Subjects: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)

Graph randomization techniques play a crucial role in network analysis, allowing researchers to assess the statistical significance of observed network properties and distinguish meaningful patterns from random fluctuations. In this survey we provide an overview of the graph randomization methods available in the most popular software tools for network analysis. We propose a comparative analysis of popular software tools to highlight their functionalities and limitations. Through case studies involving diverse graph types, we demonstrate how different randomization methods can lead to divergent conclusions, emphasizing the importance of careful method selection based on the characteristics of the observed network and the research question at hand. This survey proposes some guidelines for researchers and practitioners seeking to understand and utilize graph randomization techniques effectively in their network analysis projects.

[2]  arXiv:2405.05903 [pdf, other]

Title: The Other Side of the Coin: Recipient Norms and Their Impact on Indirect Reciprocity and Cooperation

Authors: Alina Glaubitz, Feng Fu

Subjects: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)

Human cooperation depends on indirect reciprocity. In this work, we explore the concept of indirect reciprocity using a donation game in an infinitely large population. In particular, we examine how updating the reputations of recipients influences cooperation. Our work adds a time-scale parameter for updating donor and recipient reputations. We find a trade-off between the level of cooperation and evolutionary stability influenced by social norms. `Forgiving' recipient norms enhance cooperation but increase susceptibility to defectors, whereas `unforgiving' norms reduce cooperation but defend against invasion by defectors. Expanding to include gossip groups allows us to analyze the evolutionary dynamics of the time-scale parameter, identifying `generous' norms that support cooperation, and `strict' norms that discourage such generosity, ultimately showing vulnerability to defector invasions and potential cooperation collapse.

Cross-lists for Fri, 10 May 24

[3]  arXiv:2405.05487 (cross-list from math.OC) [pdf, other]

Title: Design of Targeted Community-Based Resource Allocation in the Presence of Vaccine Hesitancy via a Data-Driven Compartmental Stochastic Optimization Model

Authors: Hieu Bui, Sandra Eksioglu, Ruben Proano, Haoming Shen

Subjects: Optimization and Control (math.OC); Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)

Vaccines have proven effective in mitigating the threat of severe infections and deaths during outbreaks of infectious diseases. However, vaccine hesitancy (VH) complicates disease spread prediction and healthcare resource assessment across regions and populations. We propose a modeling framework that integrates an epidemiological compartmental model that captures the spread of an infectious disease within a multi-stage stochastic program (MSP) that determines the allocation of critical resources under uncertainty. The proposed compartmental MSP model adaptively manages the allocation of resources to account for changes in population behavior toward vaccines (i.e., variability in VH), the unique patterns of disease spread, and the availability of healthcare resources over time and space. The compartmental MSP model allowed us to analyze the price of fairness in resource allocation. Using real COVID-19 vaccination and healthcare resource data from Arkansas, U.S. (January-May 2021), our findings include: (i) delaying the initial deployment of additional ventilators by one month could lead to an average increase in the expected number of deaths by 285.41/month, highlighting the importance of prompt action; (ii) each additional ventilator in the initial stockpile and in supply leads to a decrease in the expected number of deaths by 1.09/month and 0.962/month, respectively, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a large stockpile and scalable production response; (iii) the cost of ensuring equitable resource allocation varies over time and location, peaking during the peak of a disease outbreak and in densely populated areas. This study emphasizes the importance of flexible, informed public health decision-making and preparedness, providing a model for effective resource allocation in public health emergencies.

Replacements for Fri, 10 May 24

[4]  arXiv:2303.03774 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Network science meets history. Local balance in global international relations

Authors: Fernando Diaz-Diaz, Paolo Bartesaghi, Ernesto Estrada

Subjects: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)

[5]  arXiv:2402.05739 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Critical mobility in policy making for epidemic containment

Authors: Jesús A. Moreno López, Sandro Meloni, Jose J. Ramasco

Comments: 13 pages, 5 figures

Subjects: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph); Multiagent Systems (cs.MA); Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)

[6]  arXiv:2404.12178 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Designing a sector-coupled European energy system robust to 60 years of historical weather data

Authors: Ebbe Kyhl Gøtske, Gorm Bruun Andresen, Fabian Neumann, Marta Victoria

Subjects: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph); Systems and Control (eess.SY)

[7]  arXiv:2308.13604 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Network science Ising states of matter

Authors: Hanlin Sun, Rajat Kumar Panda, Roberto Verdel, Alex Rodriguez, Marcello Dalmonte, Ginestra Bianconi

Comments: 17 pages, 18 figures

Subjects: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn); Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech); Social and Information Networks (cs.SI); Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an); Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)

[8]  arXiv:2312.11834 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Multi-agent reinforcement learning using echo-state network and its application to pedestrian dynamics

Authors: Hisato Komatsu

Comments: 23 pages, 17 figures

Subjects: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Machine Learning (cs.LG); Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)

[9]  arXiv:2401.09438 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Recurrence analysis of meteorological data from climate zones in India

Authors: Joshin John Bejoy, G. Ambika

Comments: 11 pages, 11 figures: supplement-5 pages, 6 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2307.01165

Subjects: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph); Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD); Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)

• New submissions
• Cross-lists
• Replacements