Title: Exact periodic-orbit quantization of Klein tunneling: theory and experiment

Abstract: Klein tunneling, a peculiar effect in relativistic quantum mechanics, poses an outstanding challenge to the quantum-classical correspondence. We establish, based on the scattering matrix framework, an exact periodic-orbit quantization of Klein tunneling for bounded Dirac systems with a step potential. It relies heavily on a family of distinct non-Newtonian orbits, the Klein orbits, to account for the non-decaying propagation inside the classically forbidden barrier. An explicit spectral counting function and a closed form of the Weyl formula with Klein tunneling based corrections are derived. The theoretical findings are supported by microwave analog experiments. The measured quantized levels and corresponding Klein tunneling states provide the first observation of Klein tunneling in bounded Dirac systems.