Title: The Past, Present, and Future of Plant Stress Research

Abstract: Life finds a way. For sessile organisms like plants, the need to adapt to changes in the environment is even more poignant. For humanity, the need to develop crops that can grow in diverse environments and feed our growing population is an existential one. The development of fast-growing, high-yielding crop varieties sparked the Green Revolution, and the advent of the genomics era enabled the development of customized transgenic crops enhanced for specific traits or resistances. Today, the proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) allows scientists to rapidly screen through massive and complex datasets to uncover elusive patterns in the data, enabling us to create more robust and faster models for prediction and hypothesis generation in a bid to develop more stress-resilient plants. This review aims to provide an overview of the evolution of environmental stress research across the plant kingdom over the past fifty years. It will cover historical landmark concepts and discoveries that were seminal in advancing the field, provide a global snapshot of our current scientific progress, and conclude with a discussion on the advent of AI tools that would help accelerate scientific discovery.