Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics

New submissions

• New submissions
• Cross-lists
• Replacements

New submissions for Fri, 3 May 24

[1]  arXiv:2405.00772 [pdf, other]

Title: Abell 0399-Abell 0401 radio bridge spectral index: the first multifrequency detection

Authors: G.V. Pignataro, A. Bonafede, G. Bernardi, F. de Gasperin, G. Brunetti, T. Pasini, F. Vazza, N. Biava, J.M.G.H.J. de Jong, R. Cassano, A. Botteon, M. Brüggen, H.J.A. Röttgering, R.J. van Weeren, T.W. Shimwell

Comments: Letter to the Editor: 7 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables; accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A)

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

Recent low-frequency radio observations at 140 MHz discovered a 3 Mpc-long bridge of diffuse emission connecting the galaxy clusters Abell 0399 and Abell 0401. We present follow-up observations at 60 MHz to constrain the spectral index of the bridge, which so far has only been detected at 140 and 144 MHz. We analysed deep (~18 hours) LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) Low Band Antenna (LBA) data at 60 MHz to detect the bridge at very low frequencies. We then conducted a multi-frequency study with LOFAR HBA data at 144 MHz and uGMRT data at 400 MHz. Assuming second-order Fermi mechanisms for the re-acceleration of relativistic electrons driven by turbulence in the radio bridge regions, we compare the observed radio spectrum with theoretical synchrotron models. The bridge is detected in the 75'' resolution LOFAR image at 60 MHz and its emission fully connects the region between the two galaxy clusters. Between 60 MHz and 144 MHz we found an integrated spectral index value of -1.44 +\- 0.16 for the bridge emission. For the first time, we produced spectral index and related uncertainties maps for a radio bridge. We produce a radio spectrum, which show significant steepening between 144 and 400 MHz. This detection at low frequencies provides important information on the models of particle acceleration and magnetic field structure on very extended scales. The spectral index gives important clues to the origin of inter-cluster diffuse emission. The steepening of the spectrum above 144 MHz can be explained in a turbulent re-acceleration framework, assuming that the acceleration timescales are longer than ~200 Myr.

[2]  arXiv:2405.00809 [pdf, other]

Title: Kinetic Sunyaev Zel'dovich velocity reconstruction from Planck and unWISE

Authors: Richard Bloch, Matthew C. Johnson

Comments: 26 pages, 18 figures, comments welcome

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)

The kinetic Sunyaev Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect is a blackbody cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropy induced by Thomson scattering off free electrons in bulk motion with respect to the CMB rest frame. The statistically anisotropic cross-correlation between the CMB and galaxy surveys encodes the radial bulk velocity (more generally, the remote dipole field), which can be efficiently reconstructed using a quadratic estimator. Here, we develop and implement a quadratic estimator for the remote dipole field to data from the Planck satellite and the unWISE galaxy redshift catalog. With this data combination, we forecast a $\sim 1$-$\sigma$ detection within $\Lambda$CDM assuming a simple model for the distribution of free electrons. Using reconstructions based on individual frequency temperature maps, we characterize the impact of foregrounds, concluding that they can be effectively mitigated by masking and removing the estimator monopole. We demonstrate that reconstructions based on component-separated CMB maps have no detectable biases from foregrounds or systematics at the level of the expected statistical error. We use these reconstructions to constrain the multiplicative optical depth bias to $b_v < 1.40$ at $68 \%$ confidence. Our fiducial signal model with $b_v =1$ is consistent with this measurement. Our results support an optimistic future for kSZ velocity reconstruction with near-term datasets.

[3]  arXiv:2405.00836 [pdf, other]

Title: No $ν$s is Good News

Authors: Nathaniel Craig, Daniel Green, Joel Meyers, Surjeet Rajendran

Comments: 42 pages, 6 figures, 1 table

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)

The baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) analysis from the first year of data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), when combined with data from the cosmic microwave background (CMB), has placed an upper-limit on the sum of neutrino masses, $\sum m_\nu < 70$ meV (95%). In addition to excluding the minimum sum associated with the inverted hierarchy, the posterior is peaked at $\sum m_\nu = 0$ and is close to excluding even the minumum sum, 58 meV at 2$\sigma$. In this paper, we explore the implications of this data for cosmology and particle physics. The sum of neutrino mass is determined in cosmology from the suppression of clustering in the late universe. Allowing the clustering to be enhanced, we extended the DESI analysis to $\sum m_\nu < 0$ and find $\sum m_\nu = - 160 \pm 90$ meV (68%), and that the suppression of power from the minimum sum of neutrino masses is excluded at 99% confidence. We show this preference for negative masses makes it challenging to explain the result by a shift of cosmic parameters, such as the optical depth or matter density. We then show how a result of $\sum m_\nu =0$ could arise from new physics in the neutrino sector, including decay, cooling, and/or time-dependent masses. These models are consistent with current observations but imply new physics that is accessible in a wide range of experiments. In addition, we discuss how an apparent signal with $\sum m_\nu < 0$ can arise from new long range forces in the dark sector or from a primordial trispectrum that resembles the signal of CMB lensing.

[4]  arXiv:2405.00993 [pdf, other]

Title: Transparent Spheres as Gravitational Lens

Authors: Edwin Santiago-Leandro, Alexander Mora-Chaverri, Francisco Frutos-Alfaro

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

In this contribution, we present a short account of gravitational lenses and how to calculate different properties of its images in the case of having a transparent distribution of matter such as the uniform transparent sphere, isothermal gas sphere, non-singular isothermal gas sphere and a transparent King profile. With the help of XFGLenses software, and numerical methods, different images arising from all of these profiles, and the different caustics and critical curves are shown. The images were consistent with several previous results that are expected for transparent profiles, like having an odd number of images, and reducing the number of images by two when the source passes through the caustic. The curves shown in the caustics where the diamond, the ellipse and the lemniscate-like. For the critical curves, the most common curve was the ellipse, and the lemniscate appeared in the transparent NSIS case, which is consistent with the fact that these curves are common in gravitational lenses.

[5]  arXiv:2405.01037 [pdf, other]

Title: Euclid -- The Dark Universe detective

Authors: L. Linke

Comments: 8 pages, 3 figures, contribution to the 2024 Cosmology session of the 58th Rencontres de Moriond

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

Euclid is a recently launched medium-class mission by the European Space Agency (ESA) designed to measure cosmological parameters, test the cosmological standard model, and explore the nature of dark matter and dark energy. To this end, Euclid conducts a survey of up to 14000 square degrees of the extra-galactic sky and obtains optical and near-infrared photometric measurements for more than a billion galaxies as well as near-infrared slitless spectroscopy for more than 35 million galaxies. These observations will be used to estimate galaxy clustering and cosmic shear. It is expected that Euclid will achieve percent-level constraints on the Dark Energy equation of state parameter. The survey will also be exploited with a range of other cosmological probes and prove revolutionary for non-cosmological science.

[6]  arXiv:2405.01188 [pdf, other]

Title: The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Reionization kSZ trispectrum methodology and limits

Authors: Niall MacCrann, Frank J. Qu, Toshiya Namikawa, Boris Bolliet, Hongbo Cai, Erminia Calabrese, Steve K. Choi, Omar Darwish, Simone Ferraro, Yilun Guan, J. Colin Hill, Matt Hilton, Renée Hložek, Darby Kramer, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Kavilan Moodley, Neelima Sehgal, Blake D. Sherwin, Cristóbal Sifón, Suzanne T. Staggs, Hy Trac, Alexander Van Engelen, Eve M. Vavagiakis

Comments: Measurements and covariances will be made public upon publication

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

Patchy reionization generates kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich (kSZ) anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Large-scale velocity perturbations along the line of sight modulate the small-scale kSZ power spectrum, leading to a trispectrum (or four-point function) in the CMB that depends on the physics of reionization. We investigate the challenges in detecting this trispectrum and use tools developed for CMB lensing, such as realization-dependent bias subtraction and cross-correlation based estimators, to counter uncertainties in the instrumental noise and assumed CMB power spectrum. We also find that both lensing and extragalactic foregrounds can impart larger trispectrum contributions than the reionization kSZ signal. We present a range of mitigation methods for both of these sources of contamination, validated on microwave-sky simulations. We use ACT DR6 and Planck data to calculate an upper limit on the reionization kSZ trispectrum from a measurement dominated by foregrounds. The upper limit is about 50 times the signal predicted from recent simulations.

[7]  arXiv:2405.01396 [pdf, other]

Title: Cutting corners: Hypersphere sampling as a new standard for cosmological emulators

Authors: Andreas Nygaard, Emil Brinch Holm, Steen Hannestad, Thomas Tram

Comments: 22 pages, 10 figures

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

Cosmological emulators of observables such as the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) spectra and matter power spectra commonly use training data sampled from a Latin hypercube. This method often incurs high computational costs by covering less relevant parts of the parameter space, especially in high dimensions where only a small fraction of the parameter space yields a significant likelihood.
In this paper, we introduce hypersphere sampling, which instead concentrates sample points in regions with higher likelihoods, significantly enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of emulators. A novel algorithm for sampling within a high-dimensional hyperellipsoid aligned with axes of correlation in the cosmological parameters is presented. This method focuses the distribution of training data points on areas of the parameter space that are most relevant to the models being tested, thereby avoiding the computational redundancies common in Latin hypercube approaches.
Comparative analysis using the \textsc{connect} emulation tool demonstrates that hypersphere sampling can achieve similar or improved emulation precision with more than an order of magnitude fewer data points and thus less computational effort than traditional methods. This was tested for both the $\Lambda$CDM model and a 5-parameter extension including Early Dark Energy, massive neutrinos, and additional ultra-relativistic degrees of freedom. Our results suggest that hypersphere sampling holds potential as a more efficient approach for cosmological emulation, particularly suitable for complex, high-dimensional models.

Cross-lists for Fri, 3 May 24

[8]  arXiv:2403.10998 (cross-list from hep-ex) [pdf, other]

Title: Force metrology with plane parallel plates: Final design review and outlook

Authors: Hamid Haghmoradi, Hauke Fischer, Alessandro Bertolini, Ivica Galić, Francesco Intravaia, Mario Pitschmann, Raphael Schimpl, René I.P. Sedmik

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)

During the past few decades, abundant evidence for physics beyond the two standard models of particle physics and cosmology was found. Yet, we are tapping into the dark regarding our understanding of the dark sector. For more than a century, open problems related to the nature of the vacuum remain unresolved. Besides the traditional high-energy frontier and cosmology, technological advancement provides complementary access to new physics via high-precision experiments. Among the latter, the Casimir And Non-Newtonian force EXperiment (\cannex{}) has successfully completed its proof-of-principle phase and will soon commence operation. Benefiting from its plane parallel plate geometry, both interfacial and gravity-like forces are maximized, leading to increased sensitivity. A wide range of dark sector forces, Casimir forces in and out of thermal equilibrium, and gravity will be tested. This article describes the final experimental design, its sensitivity, and expected results.

[9]  arXiv:2405.00766 (cross-list from astro-ph.GA) [pdf, other]

Title: Introducing the DREAMS Project: DaRk mattEr and Astrophysics with Machine learning and Simulations

Authors: Jonah C. Rose, Paul Torrey, Francisco Villaescusa-Navarro, Mariangela Lisanti, Tri Nguyen, Sandip Roy, Kassidy E. Kollmann, Mark Vogelsberger, Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine, Mikhail V. Medvedev, Shy Genel, Daniel Anglés-Alcázar, Nitya Kallivayalil, Bonny Y. Wang, Belén Costanza, Stephanie O'Neil, Cian Roche, Soumyodipta Karmakar, Alex M. Garcia, Ryan Low, Shurui Lin, Olivia Mostow, Akaxia Cruz, Andrea Caputo, Arya Farahi, Julian B. Muñoz, Lina Necib, Romain Teyssier, Julianne J. Dalcanton, David Spergel

Comments: 28 pages, 8 figures, DREAMS website: this https URL

Subjects: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

We introduce the DREAMS project, an innovative approach to understanding the astrophysical implications of alternative dark matter models and their effects on galaxy formation and evolution. The DREAMS project will ultimately comprise thousands of cosmological hydrodynamic simulations that simultaneously vary over dark matter physics, astrophysics, and cosmology in modeling a range of systems -- from galaxy clusters to ultra-faint satellites. Such extensive simulation suites can provide adequate training sets for machine-learning-based analyses. This paper introduces two new cosmological hydrodynamical suites of Warm Dark Matter, each comprised of 1024 simulations generated using the Arepo code. One suite consists of uniform-box simulations covering a $(25~h^{-1}~{\rm M}_\odot)^3$ volume, while the other consists of Milky Way zoom-ins with sufficient resolution to capture the properties of classical satellites. For each simulation, the Warm Dark Matter particle mass is varied along with the initial density field and several parameters controlling the strength of baryonic feedback within the IllustrisTNG model. We provide two examples, separately utilizing emulators and Convolutional Neural Networks, to demonstrate how such simulation suites can be used to disentangle the effects of dark matter and baryonic physics on galactic properties. The DREAMS project can be extended further to include different dark matter models, galaxy formation physics, and astrophysical targets. In this way, it will provide an unparalleled opportunity to characterize uncertainties on predictions for small-scale observables, leading to robust predictions for testing the particle physics nature of dark matter on these scales.

[10]  arXiv:2405.00920 (cross-list from astro-ph.IM) [pdf, other]

Title: Identifying Halos in Cosmological Simulations with Continuous Wavelet Analysis: The 2D Case

Authors: Minxing Li, Yun Wang, Pin He

Comments: 18 pages, 13 figures, 1 table, comments welcome

Subjects: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)

Continuous wavelet analysis is gaining popularity in science and engineering for its ability to analyze data across spatial and scale domain simultaneously. In this study, we introduce a wavelet-based method to identify halos and assess its feasibility in two-dimensional (2D) scenarios. We begin with the generation of four pseudo-2D datasets from the SIMBA dark matter simulation by compressing thin slices of three-dimensional (3D) data into 2D. We then calculate the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) directly from the particle distributions, identify local maxima that represent actual halos, and segment the CWT to delineate halo boundaries. A comparison with the traditional Friends-of-Friends (FOF) method shows that our CWT-identified halos, while containing slightly fewer particles, have smoother boundaries and are more compact in dense regions. In contrast, the CWT method can link particles over greater distances to form halos in sparse regions due to its spatial segmentation scheme. The spatial distribution and halo power spectrum of both CWT and FOF halos demonstrate substantial consistency, validating the 2D applicability of CWT for halo detection. Our identification scheme operates with a linear time complexity of $\mathcal{O}(N)$, suggesting its suitability for analyzing significantly larger datasets in the future.

[11]  arXiv:2405.00936 (cross-list from gr-qc) [pdf, ps, other]

Title: Gravitational collapse and gravitational wave in Einstein--Gauss-Bonnet theory with two scalar fields

Authors: Shin'ichi Nojiri, G. G. L. Nashed

Comments: 21 pages, no figure. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2312.02889

Subjects: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)

In this paper, we investigate the gravitational collapse to form the black hole in the acceleratingly expanding universe in the frame of Einstein--Gauss-Bonnet theory having two scalar fields and we study the propagation of the gravitational wave (GW). The collapsing spacetime can be obtained by using the formulation of the ``reconstruction'', that is, we find a model that realises the desired or given geometry. In the reconstructed models, ghosts often appear, which could be eliminated by imposing constraints. We show that the standard cosmological solutions or self-gravitating objects such as a planet, the Sun, various types of stars, etc., in Einstein's gravity, are also solutions in this model. Using the dynamical value of Gauss-Bonnet coupling, the propagation of the high-frequency GW is investigated. The propagating speed changes due to the coupling during the period of the black hole formation. The speed at which the GW propagates The speed at which the GW propagates going into the black hole is different from that of the wave going out.

[12]  arXiv:2405.01096 (cross-list from hep-ex) [pdf, other]

Title: Echo-free quality factor of a multilayer axion haloscope

Authors: Juan F. Hernández-Cabrera, Javier De Miguel, E. Hernández-Suárez, Enrique Joven, H. Lorenzo-Hernández, Chiko Otani, J. Alberto Rubiño-Martín, Konstantin Zioutas (on behalf of the DALI Collaboration)

Comments: 16 pages, 7 figures

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

We report a methodology to determine the quality factor ($Q$) in implementations of the so-called dielectric haloscope, a new concept of wavy dark matter detector equipped with a multilayered resonator. An anechoic chamber enables the observation of the resonance frequency and its amplitude for an unlimited series of layers for the first time, which is conveniently filtered. The frequency-normalized power enhancement measured in a Dark-photons \& Axion-Like particles Interferometer (DALI) prototype is a few hundred per layer over a sweep bandwidth of half a hundred MHz. In light of this result, this scaled-down prototype is sensitive to axions saturating the local dark matter density with a coupling to photons between $g_{a\gamma\gamma}\gtrsim10^{-12}$ GeV$^{-1}$ and $g_{a\gamma\gamma}\gtrsim$ few $\times 10^{-14}$ GeV$^{-1}$ at frequencies of several dozens of GHz once cooled down to the different working temperatures of the experiment and immersed in magnetic fields ranging from 1 T to 10 T; while the sensitivity of the full-scale DALI is projected at $g_{a\gamma\gamma}\gtrsim\mathrm{few}\times10^{-15}$ GeV$^{-1}$ over the entire 25--250 {\mu}eV range since $Q\gtrsim10^4$ is expected.

[13]  arXiv:2405.01227 (cross-list from hep-ph) [pdf, other]

Title: Revisiting the fermion-field nontopological solitons

Authors: Ke-Pan Xie

Comments: 21 pages + references, 4 figures, 2 tables. Comments are welcome!

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

Nontopological fermionic solitons exist across a diverse range of particle physics models and have rich cosmological implications. This study establishes a general framework for calculating fermionic soliton profiles under arbitrary scalar potentials, utilizing relativistic mean field theory to accurately depict the interaction between the fermion condensate and the background scalar field. Within this framework, the conventional fermion bound states are revealed as a subset of fermionic solitons. In addition, we demonstrate how the analytical formulae in previous studies are derived as special cases of our algorithm, discussing the validity of such approximations. Furthermore, we explore the phenomenology of fermionic solitons, highlighting new formation mechanisms and evolution paths, and reconsidering the possibility of collapse into primordial black holes.

[14]  arXiv:2405.01433 (cross-list from hep-th) [pdf, other]

Title: Inflationary complexity of thermal state

Authors: Tao Li, Lei-Hua Liu

Comments: 47 pages, 18 figures

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

In this work, we systematically investigate the inflationary complexity of the two-mode squeezed state with thermal effect for the single field inflation, modified dispersion relation, and non-trivial sound speed with the method of closed system and open system, respectively, which our analysis is valid for most inflationary models. First, the numeric of Krylov complexity in the method of the closed system indicates that the evolution of Krylov complexity highly depends on the squeezed angle parameter once taking the thermal effect into account, which will decay into some very tiny values, but the Krylov complexity will always enhance without thermal effect. For comparison, the numeric of circuit complexity shows that the evolution is always increasing no matter whether there are thermal effects or not which is independent of the evolution of squeezed angle parameter. By utilizing the method of open system, we first construct the wave function. As for the Krylov complexity with the method of open system, our investigations show the evolution of Krylov complexity will enhance upon some peaks factoring in the thermal effects. For completeness, we also calculate the Krylov entropy in the method of closed system and open system, which indicates that the hotter universe, the more chaotic the universe. Furthermore, our derivation for the Krylov complexity and Krylov entropy could nicely recover into the case of closed system under weak dissipative approximation, which confirms the validity of construction for the wave function. Finally, our numeric of Lanczos coefficient shows that the non-trivial sound speed has minimal chaos compared to the other two cases.

[15]  arXiv:2405.01452 (cross-list from astro-ph.HE) [pdf, other]

Title: Revisiting the Concordance $Λ$CDM model using Gamma-Ray Bursts together with Supernovae Ia and Planck data

Authors: Shahnawaz A. Adil, Maria G. Dainotti, Anjan A. Sen

Comments: 20 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, Latex Style

Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

The Hubble constant, $H_0$, tension is the tension among the local probes, Supernovae Ia, and the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation. It has been almost a decade, and this tension still puzzles the community. Here, we add intermediate redshift probes, such as Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRB) and Quasars (QS0s), to check if and to what extent these higher redshift probes can reduce this tension. We use the three-dimensional fundamental plane relation among the prompt peak luminosity, the luminosity at the end of the plateau emission, and its rest frame duration. We find similar trend in GRB intrinsic parameters as previously seen in Pantheon-Plus intrinsic parameters. We find an apparent $3.14\sigma$ tension for the GRB intrinsic parameter $b$. Indeed, this tension disappears and the parameters are actually compatible within $2.26\sigma$. Another interesting point is that the 3D relation plays an important role in conjunction with Supernovae data with Pantheon Plus and that this apparent discrepancy show how it is important the correction for selection biases and redshift evolution. The incorporation of redshift evolution correction results in a reduction of the GRB tension to $2.26\sigma$ when adjusting correction parameters. We envision that with more data this indication of tension will possibly disappear when the evolutionary parameters of GRBs are computed with increased precision.

[16]  arXiv:2405.01500 (cross-list from astro-ph.IM) [pdf, other]

Title: Advancements in Streamlining Time-Domain and Multi-Messenger Astronomy Follow-Up Infrastructure at Keck Observatory

Authors: Chien-Hsiu Lee, Jeffrey A. Mader, Tyler Coda, Jo Hayashi, Max Brodheim, Lucas Fuhrman

Comments: 9 pages, 3 figures, accompanying presentation at SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2024

Subjects: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)

With active time-domain surveys like the Zwicky Transient Facility, the anticipated Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time, and multi-messenger experiments such as LIGO/VIRGO/KANGRA for gravitational wave detection and IceCube for high-energy neutrino events, there is a new era in both time-domain and multi-messenger astronomy. The Astro2020 decadal survey highlights effectively responding to these astronomical alerts in a timely manner as a priority, and thus, there is an urgent need for the development of a seamless follow-up infrastructure at existing facilities that are capable of following up on detections at the survey depths. At the W. M. Keck Observatory (WMKO), we are actively constructing critical infrastructure, aimed at facilitating the Target-of-Opportunity (ToO) trigger, optimizing observational planning, streamlining data acquisition, and enhancing data product accessibility. In this document, we provide an overview of these developing services and place them in context of existing observatory infrastructure like the Keck Observatory Archive (KOA) and Data Services Initiative (DSI).

Replacements for Fri, 3 May 24

[17]  arXiv:2003.10420 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: The impact of peculiar velocities on supernova cosmology

Authors: Roya Mohayaee, Mohamed Rameez, Subir Sarkar

Comments: 15 pages, 8 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

[18]  arXiv:2205.00018 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Subaru HSC weak lensing of SDSS redMaPPer cluster satellite galaxies: Empirical upper limit on orphan fractions

Authors: Amit Kumar, Surhud More, Divya Rana

Journal-ref: MNRAS 517, 4389-4404 (2022)

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

[19]  arXiv:2307.01457 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Scrutinizing the Primordial Black Holes Interpretation of PTA Gravitational Waves and JWST Early Galaxies

Authors: Yann Gouttenoire, Sokratis Trifinopoulos, Georgios Valogiannis, Miguel Vanvlasselaer

Comments: 6+5 pages, 1+4 figures. Updated to match version accepted in PRD

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

[20]  arXiv:2401.11732 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Observational Feasibility of 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Cosmology: Bouncing and Non-Bouncing Universes

Authors: H. Khodabakhshi, M. Farhang, H. Lü

Comments: 17 pages, 4 figues, 1 table

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

[21]  arXiv:2402.06717 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: AMICO galaxy clusters in KiDS-DR3: measuring the splashback radius from weak gravitational lensing

Authors: Carlo Giocoli, Lorenzo Palmucci, Giorgio F. Lesci, Lauro Moscardini, Giulia Despali, Federico Marulli, Matteo Maturi, Mario Radovich, Mauro Sereno, Sandro Bardelli, Gianluca Castignani, Giovanni Covone, Lorenzo Ingoglia, Massimiliano Romanello, Mauro Roncarelli, Emanuella Puddu

Comments: Accepted for publication in A&A. Added a discussion about prior parameters, as suggested by the reviewer. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2103.05653

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

[22]  arXiv:2307.03522 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Signatures of afterglows from light dark matter boosted by supernova neutrinos in current and future large underground detectors

Authors: Yen-Hsun Lin, Tsung-Han Tsai, Guey-Lin Lin, Henry Tsz-King Wong, Meng-Ru Wu

Comments: 20 pages, 17 figures, 1 table, 6 appendices, matched published version. Code availability added in this revision

Journal-ref: Phys. Rev. D 108, 083013 (2023)

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)

[23]  arXiv:2307.10290 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Dynamical dark energy from spacetime-symmetry breaking -- late-time behaviour and phantom crossing

Authors: Nils A. Nilsson

Comments: Clarifications, analysis and references added, slight notation change. Accepted for publication in Physics of the Dark Universe

Subjects: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

[24]  arXiv:2309.07952 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Gravitational Wave Measurement in the Mid-Band with Atom Interferometers

Authors: Sebastian Baum, Zachary Bogorad, Peter W. Graham

Comments: 45+15 pages, many figures. Code available at github.com/sbaum90/AIMforGW. v2: updated to match the published version

Journal-ref: JCAP05(2024)027

Subjects: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)

[25]  arXiv:2311.03473 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Type Ia Supernova Progenitor Properties and Their Host Galaxies

Authors: Sudeshna Chakraborty, Benjamin Sadler, Peter Hoeflich, Eric Hsiao, M. M. Phillips, C. R. Burns, T. Diamond, I. Dominguez, L. Galbany, S. A. Uddin, C. Ashall, K. Krisciunas, S. Kumar, T. B. Mera, N. Morrell, E. Baron, M. C. Contreras, M. D. Stritzinger, N. N. Suntzeff

Comments: 42 pages, 22 figures, 6 tables in main text, 2 tables in appendix. This work has been submitted to the AAS journals for review and is in partial fulfillment of the PhD thesis of the first author

Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)

[26]  arXiv:2311.07347 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: General bubble expansion at strong coupling

Authors: Jun-Chen Wang, Zi-Yan Yuwen, Yu-Shi Hao, Shao-Jiang Wang

Comments: v1, 22 pages, 10 figures; v2, two columns, 16 pages, 8 figures, extended discussion on the difference between phase pressure difference and wall pressure difference, version accepted for publication in Physical Review D

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

[27]  arXiv:2312.07295 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Gravitational atoms in the braneworld scenario

Authors: Sunil Singh Bohra, Subhodeep Sarkar, Anjan Ananda Sen

Comments: v3: 25 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, minor modifications, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D

Subjects: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)

[28]  arXiv:2312.15662 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Revisiting Metastable Cosmic String Breaking

Authors: Akifumi Chitose, Masahiro Ibe, Yuhei Nakayama, Satoshi Shirai, Keiichi Watanabe

Comments: 26 pages, 13 figures; published version

Journal-ref: JHEP 04 (2024) 068

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)

[29]  arXiv:2402.04551 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Gamma-ray Bursts as Distance Indicators by a Statistical Learning Approach

Authors: Maria Giovanna Dainotti, Aditya Narendra, Agnieszka Pollo, Vahe Petrosian, Malgorzata Bogdan, Kazunari Iwasaki, Jason Xavier Prochaska, Enrico Rinaldi, David Zhou

Comments: 10 figures. Submitted for publication at The Astrophysical Journal Letters. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1907.05074. Passed second reviewer response

Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)

[30]  arXiv:2402.05720 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Measurements of the Low-Acceleration Gravitational Anomaly from the Normalized Velocity Profile of Gaia Wide Binary Stars and Statistical Testing of Newtonian and Milgromian Theories

Authors: Kyu-Hyun Chae

Comments: 31 pages, 22 figures, 3 tables, ApJ, revised after a reviewer report

Subjects: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)

[31]  arXiv:2403.01675 (replaced) [pdf, ps, other]

Title: MeV gamma rays from Q-ball decay

Authors: Shinta Kasuya, Masahiro Kawasaki, Naomi Tsuji

Comments: 8 pages, 3 figures, some typos fixed, matches to published version

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)

[32]  arXiv:2403.03125 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: A$^3$COSMOS and A$^3$GOODSS: Continuum Source Catalogues and Multi-band Number Counts

Authors: Sylvia Adscheid, Benjamin Magnelli, Daizhong Liu, Frank Bertoldi, Ivan Delvecchio, Carlotta Gruppioni, Eva Schinnerer, Alberto Traina, Matthieu Béthermin, Athanasia Gkogkou

Comments: Published in A&A, 27 pages, 14 figures. Updated to match published version (added missing reference, updated Figure 7, minor textual adjustments; results unchanged). Catalogues are available at the CDS, see this https URL , and on the A$^3$COSMOS website, see this https URL

Journal-ref: A&A, 685, A1 (2024)

Subjects: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

[33]  arXiv:2403.11301 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Can nonlocal gravity really explain dark energy?

Authors: Salvatore Capozziello, Anupam Mazumdar, Giuseppe Meluccio

Comments: 16 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Physics of the Dark Universe

Subjects: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)

[34]  arXiv:2404.16673 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Illuminating Black Hole Shadow with Dark Matter Annihilation

Authors: Yifan Chen, Ran Ding, Yuxin Liu, Yosuke Mizuno, Jing Shu, Haiyue Yu, Yanjie Zeng

Comments: 19 pages, 6 figures, references updated

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)

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