High Energy Physics - Phenomenology

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New submissions for Fri, 17 May 24

[1]  arXiv:2405.09625 [pdf, other]

Title: Fundamental Tests of P and CP Symmetries Using Octet Baryons at the $J/ψ$ Threshold

Authors: Yong Du, Xiao-Gang He, Jian-Ping Ma, Xin-Yu Du

Comments: 15 pages + 4 pages of appendix, 7 tables, 1 figure

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)

We investigate tests of the parity P and the combined parity and charge-conjugate CP symmetries from differential angular distributions of $J/\psi$ decaying into the lowest-lying baryon pairs at BESIII and the next-generation super tau-charm facilities (STCFs). Large corrections from $Z$ and $W$ exchange induced parity violating effects are found for $J/\psi$ decays with large logarithms resummed up to $\mathcal{O}(\alpha_s)$. The parity-violating asymmetries on the production and the decay sides of $J/\psi$ are both found to be of $\mathcal{O}(10^{-4})$, thus barely observable with the 10 billion $J/\psi$ events currently collected at BESIII. Nevertheless, these asymmetries utilizing the current BESIII data already permit a determination of the weak mixing angle with an absolute uncertainty $\delta s_w^2\approx0.08$, corresponding to the first determination of $s_w^2$ at the $J/\psi$ threshold. While limited by statistics currently, STCFs are estimated to improve this precision by a factor of $\sim\,20$ to $\delta s_w^2\approx0.004$ within one year based on luminosity rescaling. We also obtain the 95% confidence level upper bounds on the electric dipole moments of the octet baryons, which are of $\mathcal{O}(10^{-18})\,e{\rm\,cm}$ for BESIII and $\mathcal{O}(10^{-19})\,e{\rm\,cm}$ for STCFs. These bounds are improved by two to three orders of magnitude in comparison with the only existing one on $\Lambda$ from Fermilab. The method discussed in this work also paves a way for a first and direct measurement of the $\Xi$ and $\Sigma$ electric dipole moments.

[2]  arXiv:2405.09629 [pdf, other]

Title: CaloDREAM $\unicode{x2013}$ Detector Response Emulation via Attentive flow Matching

Authors: Luigi Favaro, Ayodele Ore, Sofia Palacios Schweitzer, Tilman Plehn

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

Detector simulations are an exciting application of modern generative networks. Their sparse high-dimensional data combined with the required precision poses a serious challenge. We show how combining Conditional Flow Matching with transformer elements allows us to simulate the detector phase space reliably. Namely, we use an autoregressive transformer to simulate the energy of each layer, and a vision transformer for the high-dimensional voxel distributions. We show how dimension reduction via latent diffusion allows us to train more efficiently and how diffusion networks can be evaluated faster with bespoke solvers. We showcase our framework, CaloDREAM, on datasets 2 and 3 of the CaloChallenge.

[3]  arXiv:2405.09650 [pdf, other]

Title: The neutral-pion decay into electron-positron pair: A review and update

Authors: Tomáš Husek (Charles U. and Birmingham U.)

Comments: 10 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)

This work aims to review several aspects of the current status of the rare $\pi^0\to e^+e^-$ decay. A particular emphasis is made on radiative corrections and detailed interpretation of related quantities, some numbers appearing in the literature are updated, and the connection with the Dalitz decay, $\pi^0\to e^+e^-\gamma$, is discussed. This comes timely as it is aligned with an announcement of a preliminary result of a new branching-ratio measurement done by the NA62 Collaboration, which brings new light into an earlier-reported discrepancy between the Standard Model prediction and the (until-recently-latest) precise KTeV result.

[4]  arXiv:2405.09723 [pdf, other]

Title: Gravitational Wave-Induced Freeze-In of Fermionic Dark Matter

Authors: Azadeh Maleknejad, Joachim Kopp

Comments: 6 pages, 2 figures

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)

The minimal coupling of massless fermions to gravity does not allow for their gravitational production solely based on the expansion of the Universe. We argue that this changes in presence of realistic and potentially detectable stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds. We compute the resulting energy density of Weyl fermions at 1-loop using in--in formalism. If the initially massless fermions eventually acquire mass, this mechanism can explain the dark matter abundance in the Universe. Remarkably, it may be more efficient than conventional gravitational production of superheavy fermions.

[5]  arXiv:2405.09870 [pdf, other]

Title: NNLO+PS predictions for Higgs production via bottom annihilation

Authors: Christian Biello

Comments: 4 pages, contribution to the 2024 QCD session of the 58th Rencontres de Moriond

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

We report on the implementation of a new NNLO+PS event generator for the Higgs production via bottom annihilation using the MiNNLOPS method in the POWHEG framework. The calculation has been carried out in the five flavour scheme (5FS), where the bottom mass is neglected. We compare our results against fixed-order predictions at NNLO as well as resummed predictions at next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy. We also present a preliminary study in the four flavour scheme (4FS) setup, achieving a new level of precision in the massive scheme.

[6]  arXiv:2405.09926 [pdf, other]

Title: Twenty years of $Θ^+$

Authors: Michal Praszalowicz

Comments: 22 pages, 3 figuras, contribution to Corfu Summer Institute 2023 "School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity" (CORFU2023)

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

Twenty years ago, in 2003, two experimental groups, LEPS and DIANA, announced the discovery of a light, narrow, exotic baryon with mass within the range of 1540 MeV, which was later dubbed as $\Theta^+$. In this talk we recall the history of this discovery and its theoretical foundations. We also discuss possible future experiments that could determine the existence of $\Theta^+$.

[7]  arXiv:2405.09994 [pdf, other]

Title: Probing neutrino-nucleus interaction in DUNE and MicroBooNE

Authors: R K Pradhan, R Lalnuntluanga, A Giri

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)

The neutrino experiments utilize heavy nuclear targets to achieve high statistics neutrino-nucleus interaction event rate, which leads to systematic uncertainties in the oscillation parameters due to the nuclear effects and uncertainties in the cross-section. Understanding the interaction of neutrinos with the nucleus becomes crucial in determining the oscillation parameters with high precision. We investigate the uncertainty in quasi-elastic interaction due to nuclear effects by selecting exactly 1 proton, 0 pions, and any number of neutrons in the final state using DUNE and MicroBooNE detectors, and the effects on oscillation parameters in the DUNE detector. The kinematic method along with this selection can be used for accurate neutrino energy reconstruction in the quasi-elastic channel where the nuclear effects are inevitable.

[8]  arXiv:2405.10039 [pdf, ps, other]

Title: High-Scale SUSY from Sgoldstino Inflation

Authors: C. Pallis

Comments: Prepared for the Proceedings of the Corfu Summer Institute 2023 -- Conference: C23-05-01

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)

We review a number of unimodular no-scale supergravity models with F-term SUSY breaking which support technically natural de Sitter vacua. A variant of these models develops a stage of inflection-point inflation which can be realized for subplanckian field values consistently with the observational data. For central value of the spectral index ns, the necessary tuning is of the order of 10^-6, the tensor-to-scalar ratio is tiny whereas the running of ns is around -3x10^-3. Our proposal is compatible with high-scale SUSY and the results of LHC on the Higgs boson mass.

[9]  arXiv:2405.10056 [pdf, other]

Title: Shedding Light on Hadronization by Quarkonium Energy Correlator

Authors: An-Ping Chen, Xiaohui Liu, Yan-Qing Ma

Comments: 7 pages, 4 figures + supplemental materials (3 pages)

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)

We propose to measure the energy correlator in quarkonium production, which tracks the energy deposited in the calorimeter $\chi$-angular distance away from the identified quarkonium. The observable eliminates the need for jets while sustaining the perturbative predictive power. Analyzing the power correction to the energy correlator, we demonstrate the novel observable supplies a unique gateway to probing the hadronization, especially when $\cos\chi\gtrsim 0$ in the quarkonium rest frame where the perturbative emissions are depleted due to the dead-cone effects. We expect the quarkonium energy correlator to add a new dimension to quarkonium studies.

[10]  arXiv:2405.10101 [pdf, other]

Title: Global analysis of the $U(3)^5$ symmetric SMEFT

Authors: Riccardo Bartocci

Comments: 4 pages, 2 figures, contribution to the 2024 Electroweak session of the 58th Rencontres de Moriond

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)

The $U(3)^5$ symmetry within the SMEFT framework restricts the inclusion of only fully flavor-conserving operators at dimension six. This proceeding presents a global analysis of the SMEFT under this assumption. We provide global constraints on all 41 Wilson coefficients, utilizing leading-order and next-to-leading-order SMEFT predictions for various experiments including parity-violating experiments, Electroweak Precision Observables (EWPO), Higgs physics, top quark interactions, flavor observables, dijet production, and lepton scatterings. We address issues concerning the constraints of specific four-quark operators, investigate correlations between observables at different energy scales, and assess the impact of next-to-leading-order contributions on the global fit.

[11]  arXiv:2405.10111 [pdf, ps, other]

Title: The $a_1$ factorisation coefficient in ${\overline{B}^0} \to D^{(*)+}M^{-}$ and ${\overline{B}^0} \to D^{(*)+}D_s^{(*)-}$ decays: measurements versus theory

Authors: A. Le Yaouanc, J.-P. Leroy, P.Roudeau

Comments: 40 pages

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)

Using recent measurements of exclusive B-meson decays we extract the $a_1$ factorization parameter in ${\overline{B}^{0}_{d}} \to D^{(*)^+} K^-/\pi^-$ decay channels. { The values obtained in the four channels are very similar, in agreement with the theoretical expectations obtained in the $m_Q \to \infty$ limit, but the measured values differ definitely from the expected central values. } Such differences have already been observed. Using recent data, we improve the accuracy by {a factor close to two} in this comparison. We study possible interpretations for such a difference and conclude that the claimed accuracy of corrections due to soft gluon contributions and finite mass effects has to be revisited before arguing for possible "New-Physics" effects. We observe that the corrections to the $m_Q \to \infty$ limit are larger in the spectator topology than effects from exchange amplitude contributions. We discuss also the way expected ratios of $a_1$ values, involving hypotheses from theory, are used to obtain the fraction of $B^0_s$ meson production in jets at LHC and conclude that the uncertainties attached to this approach are not well established. Finally, the $a_1$ values extracted from $\overline{B}^{0}_{d} \to D^{(*)+} D_s^-$ decays are found to be similar, within uncertainties, to the ones obtained with $K^-$ emission, once expected penguin contributions are corrected. Using the same approach, we note that $a_1$ values measured in channels with a $D_s^{*-}$ emission are about two standard deviations lower than $a_1(D^{(*)+}K^-$).

[12]  arXiv:2405.10265 [pdf, ps, other]

Title: Production of electroweak gauge bosons at forward rapidities in the color - dipole $S$ - matrix framework

Authors: Yan B. Bandeira, Victor P. Goncalves, Wolfgang Schäfer

Comments: 18 pages, 2 figures, 1 table

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)

The cross-section for the production of an electroweak gauge boson ($G = W^{\pm}, Z^0, \gamma$) at forward rapidities in $pp$ collisions is derived within the color - dipole $S$ - matrix framework. We present the full expressions for the differential cross-section of the $q p \rightarrow G X$ process in the impact parameter and transverse momentum spaces, considering the longitudinal and transverse polarizations of the gauge boson. The particular cases associated with the Drell - Yan process and real photon production are discussed. We demonstrate that the final formulae are expressed in terms of the dipole - proton cross-section or the unintegrated gluon distribution, and can be used to estimate the impact of the saturation effects in the gauge boson production at the LHC and future colliders.

[13]  arXiv:2405.10303 [pdf, other]

Title: Asymmetric Warm Dark Matter: from Cosmological Asymmetry to Chirality of Life

Authors: Wen Yin, Shota Nakagawa, Tamaki Murokoshi, Makoto Hattori

Comments: 22pages, 3figures, comments are welcome

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA); Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM); Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)

We investigate a novel scenario involving asymmetric keV-range dark matter (DM) in the form of right-handed (sterile) neutrinos. Based on the Fermi-Dirac distribution, we demonstrate that asymmetric fermionic DM forms a Fermi degenerate gas, making it potentially colder than symmetric fermionic DM. This setup simultaneously accounts for the Universe's baryon asymmetry through tiny Yukawa interactions with Standard Model leptons and the Higgs field, and the homochirality of amino acids via decay into circularly polarized photons. This scenario can be investigated through soft X-ray searches conducted by current and upcoming space missions. The helical X-rays is a smoking-gun signal of our scenario. Additionally, we propose a new mechanism to suppress DM thermal production by introducing a light modulus, which may also benefit cosmology involving generic right-handed neutrinos with large mixing.

Cross-lists for Fri, 17 May 24

[14]  arXiv:2405.07385 (cross-list from hep-th) [pdf, other]

Title: All-multiplicity amplitudes in impulsive PP-waves from the worldline formalism

Authors: Patrick Copinger, James P. Edwards, Anton Ilderton, Karthik Rajeev

Comments: 29 pages, 3 figures

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

We use the worldline formalism to derive Bern-Kosower type Master Formulae for the tree-level scattering of a charged particle and an arbitrary number of photons on impulsive PP-waves, where the coupling of the PP-wave to matter is treated fully non-perturbatively. We show that, in a certain kinematic regime characterised by a semi-classical positive energy condition, both off-shell currents and scattering amplitudes exhibit two novel factorisation structures. First, they may be written as currents in vacuum but with a single additional photon, averaged over the momentum of that photon. This converts the all-orders interaction with the PP-wave into a single effective interaction. Second, the currents and amplitudes may be written as a weighted average of the corresponding quantities in an impulsive plane wave background, with the average taken over all possible field strengths of the plane wave. This generalises a known single-photon result to arbitrary multiplicity.

[15]  arXiv:2405.09578 (cross-list from astro-ph.IM) [pdf, other]

Title: Dark Matter Halo Parameters from Overheated Exoplanets via Bayesian Hierarchical Inference

Authors: María Benito, Konstantin Karchev, Rebecca K. Leane, Sven Põder, Juri Smirnov, Roberto Trotta

Comments: Comments are welcome. 14 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables

Subjects: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM); Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

Dark Matter (DM) can become captured, deposit annihilation energy, and hence increase the heat flow in exoplanets and brown dwarfs. Detecting such a DM-induced heating in a population of exoplanets in the inner kpc of the Milky Way thus provides potential sensitivity to the galactic DM halo parameters. We develop a Bayesian Hierarchical Model to investigate the feasibility of DM discovery with exoplanets and examine future prospects to recover the spatial distribution of DM in the Milky Way. We reconstruct from mock exoplanet datasets observable parameters such as exoplanet age, temperature, mass, and location, together with DM halo parameters, for representative choices of measurement uncertainty and the number of exoplanets detected. We find that detection of $\mathcal{O}(100)$ exoplanets in the inner Galaxy can yield quantitative information on the galactic DM density profile, under the assumption of 10% measurement uncertainty. Even as few as $\mathcal{O}(10)$ exoplanets can deliver meaningful sensitivities if the DM density and inner slope are sufficiently large.

[16]  arXiv:2405.09599 (cross-list from gr-qc) [pdf, other]

Title: Gravitational wave spectrum from expanding string loops on domain walls: Implication to nano-hertz pulsar timing array signal

Authors: Yu Hamada, Wakutaka Nakano

Comments: 32 pages, 8 figures

Subjects: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

We analytically calculate the spectrum of stochastic gravitational waves (GWs) emitted by expanding string loops on domain walls in the scenario where domain walls decay by nucleation of string loops. By introducing macroscopic parameters characterizing the nucleation of the loops, the stochastic GW spectrum is derived in a way that is independent of the details of particle physics models. In contrast to GWs emitted from bubble collisions of the false vacuum decay, the string loops do radiate GWs even when they are perfectly circular before their collisions, resulting in that more and more contribution to the spectrum comes from the smaller and smaller loops compared to the typical size of the collided loops. Consequently, the spectrum is linearly proportional to the frequency at the high-frequency region, which is peculiar to this GW source. Furthermore, the results are compared with the recent nano-Hertz pulsar timing array signal, as well as the projected sensitivity curves of future gravitational wave observatories.

[17]  arXiv:2405.09607 (cross-list from astro-ph.CO) [pdf, other]

Title: Probing Dark Matter Isocurvature with Primordial Non-Gaussianity

Authors: Michael Geller, Soubhik Kumar, Lian-Tao Wang

Comments: 17 pages, 4 figures

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

Multiple fields can become dynamical during the inflationary epoch. We consider an example where a light field acquires isocurvature fluctuations during inflation and contributes to the dark matter abundance at late times. Interactions between the light field and the adiabatic sector contribute to mixed adiabatic-isocurvature non-Gaussianity (NG). We show the resulting form of NG has a different kinematic dependence than the 'local shape' commonly considered, and highlight the parameter space where a dedicated search is expected to significantly improve the current $\textit{Planck}$ sensitivity. We interpret our results in the context of the QCD axion and illustrate how the proposed NG searches can improve upon the existing searches for isocurvature power spectrum and bispectrum.

[18]  arXiv:2405.09608 (cross-list from hep-th) [pdf, other]

Title: All-order splits and multi-soft limits for particle and string amplitudes

Authors: Nima Arkani-Hamed, Carolina Figueiredo

Comments: 59 pages, 17 figures

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

The most important aspects of scattering amplitudes have long been thought to be associated with their poles. But recently a very different sort of "split" factorizations for a wide range of particle and string tree amplitudes have been discovered away from poles. In this paper, we give a simple, conceptual origin for these splits arising from natural properties of the binary geometry of the curve integral formulation for scattering amplitudes for Tr$(\Phi^3)$ theory. The most natural way of "joining" smaller surfaces to build larger ones directly produces a choice of kinematics for which higher amplitudes factor into lower ones. This gives a generalization of splits to all orders in the topological expansion. These splits allow us to access and compute loop-integrated multi-soft limits for particle and string amplitudes, at all loop orders. This includes split factorizations and multi-soft limits for pion and gluon amplitudes, that are related to Tr$(\Phi^3)$ theory by a simple kinematical shift.

[19]  arXiv:2405.09620 (cross-list from astro-ph.CO) [pdf, other]

Title: Probing Reheating with Gravitational Waves from Graviton Bremsstrahlung

Authors: Basabendu Barman, Nicolás Bernal, Simon Cléry, Yann Mambrini, Yong Xu, Óscar Zapata

Comments: 6 pages, 4 figures. Contribution to the 2024 Electroweak session of the 58th Rencontres de Moriond. Based on Refs. arXiv:2301.11345, arXiv:2305.16388 and arXiv:2311.12694

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

In this talk, based on arXiv:2301.11345, arXiv:2305.16388, arXiv:2311.12694, we discuss the production of primordial gravitational waves (GW) sourced by graviton bremsstrahlung during inflationary reheating. For reheating, we consider inflaton decays and annihilations into pairs of bosons or fermions, assuming an inflaton $\phi$ that oscillates around a generic monomial potential $V(\phi) \propto \phi^n$. The GW spectrum exhibits distinct features depending on the underlying reheating dynamics, which is controlled by the inflaton potential and the type of coupling between the inflaton and the matter fields. We show that the produced stochastic GW background could be probed in next-generation GW detectors, especially at high frequencies. We further highlight the potential of bremsstrahlung-induced GW to probe the underlying dynamics of reheating.

[20]  arXiv:2405.09648 (cross-list from nucl-th) [pdf, other]

Title: BSQ Conserved Charges in Relativistic Viscous Hydrodynamics solved with Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics

Authors: Christopher Plumberg, Dekrayat Almaalol, Travis Dore, Débora Mroczek, Jordi Salinas San Martín, Willian M. Serenone, Lydia Spychalla, Patrick Carzon, Matthew D. Sievert, Fernando G. Gardim, Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler

Comments: 51 pages, 28 Figures

Subjects: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

Conservation laws play a crucial role in the modeling of heavy-ion collisions, including the those for charges such as baryon number (B), strangeness (S), and electric charge (Q). In this study, we present a new 2+1 relativistic viscous hydrodynamic code called CCAKE which uses the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) formalism to locally conserve BSQ charges, together with an extended description of the multi-dimensional equation of state (EoS) obtained from lattice Quantum Chromodynamics. Initial conditions for CCAKE are supplied by the ICCING model, which samples gluon splittings into quark anti-quark pairs to generate the initial BSQ charge distributions. We study correlations between the BSQ charges and find that local BSQ fluctuations remain finite during the evolution, with corresponding chemical potentials of ($\sim100$--$200 \,\rm MeV$) at freeze-out. We find that our framework produces reasonable multiplicities of identified particles and that ICCING has no significant effect on the collective flow of all charged particles nor of identified particles when only one particle of interest is considered. However, we show specifically for Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV that ICCING does have an effect on collective flow of identified particles if two particles of interest are considered.

[21]  arXiv:2405.09714 (cross-list from gr-qc) [pdf, other]

Title: Cosmological Singularity and Power-Law Solutions in Modified Gravity

Authors: Saurya Das, S. Shajidul Haque, Seturumane Tema

Subjects: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

A bouncing Universe avoids the big-bang singularity. Using the time-like and null Raychaudhhuri equations, we explore whether the bounce near the big-bang, within a broad spectrum of modified theories of gravity, allows for cosmologically relevant power-law solutions under reasonable physical conditions. Our study shows that certain modified theories of gravity, such as Stelle gravity, do not demonstrate singularity resolution under any reasonable conditions, while others including $f(R)$ gravity and Brans-Dicke theory can demonstrate singularity resolution under suitable conditions. For these theories, we show that the accelerating solution is slightly favoured over ekypyrosis.

[22]  arXiv:2405.09790 (cross-list from astro-ph.CO) [pdf, other]

Title: Supermassive black hole formation from Affleck-Dine mechanism with suppressed clustering on large scales

Authors: Kentaro Kasai, Masahiro Kawasaki, Kai Murai, Shunsuke Neda

Comments: 26 pages, 7 figures

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

We study a primordial black hole (PBH) formation model based on the framework of the inhomogeneous Affleck-Dine (AD) mechanism, which can explain the seeds of supermassive black holes (SMBHs). This model, however, predicts strong clustering of SMBHs that is inconsistent with the observation of angular correlation of quasars. In this paper, we propose a modified model that can significantly reduce the PBH clustering on large scales by considering a time-dependent Hubble-induced mass during inflation. The quasar angular correlation is suppressed by the large Hubble-induced mass in the early stage of inflation while the small Hubble-induced mass in the late stage leads to the AD field fluctuations large enough for PBH formation as in the original model. As a result, the modified scenario can successfully explain the seeds of SMBHs.

[23]  arXiv:2405.09971 (cross-list from nucl-th) [pdf, other]

Title: A study of the fine-structure constant dependence of radiative capture in Halo-EFT

Authors: Ulf-G. Meißner, Bernard Ch. Metsch, Helen Meyer

Comments: 17 pages, 14 figures

Subjects: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)

We study the fine-structure constant dependence of the rates of some selected radiative capture reactions within the framework of so-called Halo Effective Field Theory in order to assess the adequacy of some assumptions made on the Coulomb penetrability. We find that this dependence deviates from that implied by a parameterization of the cross sections of this effect via a simple penetration factor. Some features of this fine-structure dependence are discussed, in particular its potential impact on the abundances of the light elements in primordial nucleosynthesis.

[24]  arXiv:2405.10106 (cross-list from hep-ex) [pdf, other]

Title: Advancing Set-Conditional Set Generation: Graph Diffusion for Fast Simulation of Reconstructed Particles

Authors: Dmitrii Kobylianskii, Nathalie Soybelman, Nilotpal Kakati, Etienne Dreyer, Eilam Gross

Comments: 18 pages, 10 figures, 1 table

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

The computational intensity of detailed detector simulations poses a significant bottleneck in generating simulated data for collider experiments. This challenge inspires the continued development of fast simulation techniques based on machine learning to serve as efficient surrogate models. In our approach, a network generates a set of reconstructed objects conditioned on input particle sets. Building on the success of a slot-attention-based model, we present a new architecture utilizing diffusion, showcasing an enhanced performance in the context of single jets.

[25]  arXiv:2405.10137 (cross-list from hep-th) [pdf, other]

Title: Light-ray sum rules and the c-anomaly

Authors: Thomas Hartman, Grégoire Mathys

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

In a four-dimensional quantum field theory that flows between two fixed points under the renormalization group, the change in the conformal anomaly $\Delta a$ has been related to the average null energy. We extend this result to derive a sum rule for the other anomaly coefficient, $\Delta c$, in terms of the stress tensor three-point function. While the sum rule for $\Delta a$ is an expectation value of the averaged null energy operator, and therefore positive, the result for $\Delta c$ involves the off-diagonal matrix elements, so it does not have a fixed sign.

[26]  arXiv:2405.10201 (cross-list from gr-qc) [pdf, other]

Title: Investigating cosmic histories with a stiff era through Gravitational Waves

Authors: Hannah Duval, Sachiko Kuroyanagi, Alberto Mariotti, Alba Romero-Rodríguez, Mairi Sakellariadou

Comments: 18 pages, 9 figures

Subjects: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

We investigate the potential of gravitational-wave background searches to constrain cosmic histories characterised by a stiff equation of state, preceded by a period of matter domination. Such a scenario leads to a characteristic peak in the primordial gravitational-wave spectrum originating from cosmological inflation. Assuming instant transitions between distinct epochs, which allows an analytical treatment of the gravitational-wave spectrum, we perform a Bayesian inference analysis to derive constraints from the first three observing runs of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration. Additionally, we consider a smooth transition, employing an axion-like particle physics model, and highlight the difference with the instant transition approximation. We then forecast detection prospects for such a cosmic history through future gravitational-wave experiments.

[27]  arXiv:2405.10261 (cross-list from hep-ex) [pdf, other]

Title: Summary of CKM 2023 working group 5: Direct CP violation (DCPV) including $φ_{3}/γ$ from $B\to DK$, DCPV effects, branching fractions and polarisation in charmless $B_{(s)}$ decays

Authors: Melissa Cruz Torres, Tobias Huber, Minakshi Nayak, Gilberto Tetlalmatzi-Xolocotzi

Comments: 35 pages, 13 figures, Presented at the 12th Workshop on the CKM Unitarity Triangle, 18-22 September 2023, Santiago de Compostela

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

In this contribution a summary of the activities of Working Group 5 (WG5) presented during the 12th International Workshop on the CKM Unitarity Triangle (CKM2023) is reported. This includes new results on $\phi_{3}/\gamma$ measurements using $B\to DK$ decays, search for $CP$ violation using charmless $B$ decays and $b$-Baryon decays, measurement of branching ratios in hadronic $B$ to charm decays, and theory of three-body nonleptonic $B$ decays.

[28]  arXiv:2405.10268 (cross-list from nucl-th) [pdf, other]

Title: The Magic in Nuclear and Hypernuclear Forces

Authors: Caroline E. P. Robin, Martin J. Savage

Comments: 14 pages, 6 figures

Subjects: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

Toward an improved understanding of the role of quantum information in nuclei and exotic matter, we examine the magic (non-stabilizerness) in low-energy strong interaction processes. As stabilizer states can be prepared efficiently using classical computers, and include classes of entangled states, it is magic and fluctuations in magic, along with entanglement, that determine resource requirements for quantum simulations. As a measure of fluctuations in magic induced by scattering, the "magic power" of the S-matrix is introduced. Using experimentally-determined scattering phase shifts and mixing parameters, the magic power in nucleon-nucleon and hyperon-nucleon scattering, along with the magic in the deuteron, are found to exhibit interesting features. The $\Sigma^-$-baryon is identified as a potential candidate catalyst for enhanced spreading of magic and entanglement in dense matter, depending on in-medium decoherence.

[29]  arXiv:2405.10284 (cross-list from quant-ph) [pdf, other]

Title: Quantum Vision Transformers for Quark-Gluon Classification

Authors: Marçal Comajoan Cara, Gopal Ramesh Dahale, Zhongtian Dong, Roy T. Forestano, Sergei Gleyzer, Daniel Justice, Kyoungchul Kong, Tom Magorsch, Konstantin T. Matchev, Katia Matcheva, Eyup B. Unlu

Comments: 14 pages, 8 figures. Published in MDPI Axioms 2024, 13(5), 323

Journal-ref: Axioms 2024, 13(5), 323

Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Machine Learning (cs.LG); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

We introduce a hybrid quantum-classical vision transformer architecture, notable for its integration of variational quantum circuits within both the attention mechanism and the multi-layer perceptrons. The research addresses the critical challenge of computational efficiency and resource constraints in analyzing data from the upcoming High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider, presenting the architecture as a potential solution. In particular, we evaluate our method by applying the model to multi-detector jet images from CMS Open Data. The goal is to distinguish quark-initiated from gluon-initiated jets. We successfully train the quantum model and evaluate it via numerical simulations. Using this approach, we achieve classification performance almost on par with the one obtained with the completely classical architecture, considering a similar number of parameters.

[30]  arXiv:2405.10304 (cross-list from hep-lat) [pdf, other]

Title: Towards Unpolarized GPDs from Pseudo-Distributions

Authors: H. Dutrieux, R. Edwards, C. Egerer, J. Karpie, C. Monahan, K. Orginos, A. Radyushkin, D. Richards, E. Romero, S. Zafeiropoulos

Comments: 56 pages, 24 figures

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

We present an exploration of the unpolarized isovector proton generalized parton distributions (GPDs) $H^{u-d}(x, \xi, t)$ and $E^{u-d}(x, \xi, t)$ in the pseudo-distribution formalism using distillation. Taking advantage of the large kinematic coverage made possible by this approach, we present results on the moments of GPDs up to the order $x^3$ -- including their skewness dependence -- at a pion mass $m_\pi = 358$ MeV and a lattice spacing $a = 0.094$ fm.

[31]  arXiv:2405.10321 (cross-list from gr-qc) [pdf, ps, other]

Title: Probing Hidden Dimensions via Muon Lifetime Measurements

Authors: Jorge G. Russo

Comments: Honorable Mention in the Gravity Research Foundation 2024 Awards for Essays on Gravitation. 11 pages

Subjects: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)

In the context of Kaluza-Klein theories, the time dilation of charged particles in an external field depends on the charge in a specific way. Experimental tests are proposed to search for extra dimensions using this distinctive feature.

Replacements for Fri, 17 May 24

[32]  arXiv:1912.13386 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Infrared structure of $SU(N)\times U(1)$ gauge theory to three loops

Authors: A. H. Ajjath, Pooja Mukherjee, V. Ravindran

Comments: The updated version, which include corrected expression for beta function, mixed QCD-QED anomalous dimensions and soft-virtual parsonic cross section

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

[33]  arXiv:2206.14441 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Quantum Chromodynamics Resolution of the ATOMKI Anomaly in ${\rm {^4He}}$ Nuclear Transitions

Authors: Valery Kubarovsky, Jennifer Rittenhouse West, Stanley J. Brodsky

Comments: Experimental signatures of the model added, 9 pages, 3 figures, comments welcome

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)

[34]  arXiv:2209.07541 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Improved Constraints on Dark Matter Annihilations Around Primordial Black Holes

Authors: Prolay Chanda, Jakub Scholtz, James Unwin

Comments: 37 pages, 11 Figures

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

[35]  arXiv:2210.14245 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: CaloFlow for CaloChallenge Dataset 1

Authors: Claudius Krause, Ian Pang, David Shih

Comments: 36 pages, 21 figures, v3: match published version

Journal-ref: SciPost Phys. 16, 126 (2024)

Subjects: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det); Machine Learning (cs.LG); High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)

[36]  arXiv:2306.12914 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: The Dilaton Improves Goldstones

Authors: Roman Zwicky

Comments: 19 pages + refs, 1 figure, major revision. Includes discussion on Weyl-gauging and more general soft theorem discussion

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

[37]  arXiv:2306.17239 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Can supercooled phase transitions explain the gravitational wave background observed by pulsar timing arrays?

Authors: Peter Athron, Andrew Fowlie, Chih-Ting Lu, Lachlan Morris, Lei Wu, Yongcheng Wu, Zhongxiu Xu

Comments: 12 pages, 3 figures, Replaced to match published version in PRL

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

[38]  arXiv:2308.11700 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Calorimeter shower superresolution

Authors: Ian Pang, John Andrew Raine, David Shih

Comments: 16 pages, 13 figures, v3: title changed, matches published version

Journal-ref: Phys. Rev. D 109, 092009 (2024)

Subjects: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det); Machine Learning (cs.LG); High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)

[39]  arXiv:2308.12330 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Astrometric Weak Lensing with Gaia DR3 and Future Catalogs: Searches for Dark Matter Substructure

Authors: Cristina Mondino, Andreas Tsantilas, Anna-Maria Taki, Ken Van Tilburg, Neal Weiner

Comments: 16 pages, 8 figures; v2: published version, references and minor comments added

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

[40]  arXiv:2309.09743 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: The NFLikelihood: an unsupervised DNNLikelihood from Normalizing Flows

Authors: Humberto Reyes-Gonzalez, Riccardo Torre

Comments: 16 pages, 5 figures, 11 tables. Minor revision

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Machine Learning (cs.LG); High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)

[41]  arXiv:2311.04977 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: A visual tool for assessing tension-resolving models in the $H_0$-$σ_8$ plane

Authors: Igor de O. C. Pedreira, Micol Benetti, Elisa G. M. Ferreira, Leila L. Graef, Laura Herold

Comments: 15 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables. Replaced to match PRD accepted version (May 2024)

Journal-ref: Phys. Rev. D 109, 103525 (2024)

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)

[42]  arXiv:2311.09012 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Estimation of the chances to find new phenomena at the LHC in a model-agnostic combinatorial analysis

Authors: S. V. Chekanov

Comments: 13 pages,1 figure, submitted to a journal

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

[43]  arXiv:2312.02270 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Study of a cubic cavity resonator for gravitational waves detection in the microwave frequency range

Authors: Pablo Navarro, Benito Gimeno, Juan Monzó-Cabrera, Alejandro Díaz-Morcillo, Diego Blas

Comments: 26 pages, 12 figures; v2 matches published version

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex); Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)

[44]  arXiv:2312.14016 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: LHCb potential to discover long-lived new physics particles with lifetimes above 100 ps

Authors: Volodymyr Gorkavenko, Brij Jashal, Valerii Kholoimov, Yehor Kyselov, Diego Mendoza, Maksym Ovchynnikov, Arantza Oyanguren, Volodymyr Svintozelskyi, Jiahui Zhuo

Comments: Matches the version accepted for the publication in EPJC

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)

[45]  arXiv:2401.14331 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Collapsing Domain Wall Networks: Impact on Pulsar Timing Arrays and Primordial Black Holes

Authors: Ricardo Z. Ferreira, Alessio Notari, Oriol Pujolàs, Fabrizio Rompineve

Comments: 15 pages, 13 figures, minor additions, version to appear on JCAP

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

[46]  arXiv:2401.17262 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Post-inflationary Leptogenesis and Dark Matter production: Metric versus Palatini formalism

Authors: Anish Ghoshal, Zygmunt Lalak, Supratik Pal, Shiladitya Porey

Comments: 47 pages, 15 figures, accepted in JHEP with minor revisions

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)

[47]  arXiv:2402.12322 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Simultaneous reweighting of Transverse Momentum Dependent distributions

Authors: Mariaelena Boglione, Umberto D'Alesio, Carlo Flore, Josè Osvaldo Gonzalez-Hernandez, Francesco Murgia, Alexei Prokudin

Comments: 11 pages, 11 figures. Revised results section, extended discussion on Bayesian reweighting. To appear on Physics Letters B

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)

[48]  arXiv:2402.14097 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Introductory visual lecture on QCD at large-$N_{c}$: bound states, chiral models, and phase diagram

Authors: Francesco Giacosa

Comments: 104 pages, 51 figures. Lectures prepared for the 63. Cracow School of Theoretical Physics, September 17-23, 2023 Zakopane, Tatra Mountains, Poland. Update and corrected vs with restyling of figures

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)

[49]  arXiv:2403.07084 (replaced) [pdf, ps, other]

Title: Is the effective potential, effective for dynamics?

Authors: Nathan Herring, Shuyang Cao, Daniel Boyanovsky

Comments: 51 pages, 5 figures, more references and discussions

Journal-ref: Phys. Rev. D 109, 105021 (2024)

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

[50]  arXiv:2403.12692 (replaced) [pdf, ps, other]

Title: Mass spectra of heavy hybrid quarkonia and $\overline{b}gc$ mesons

Authors: A. Alaakol, S. S. Agaev, K. Azizi, H. Sundu

Comments: 13 Pages, 5 Figures and 5 Tables

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)

[51]  arXiv:2404.00181 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Oscillations in the Dark?

Authors: Luis A. Escamilla, Supriya Pan, Eleonora Di Valentino, Andronikos Paliathanasis, J. Alberto Vázquez, Weiqiang Yang

Comments: 12 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables

Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

[52]  arXiv:2404.12996 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Axion-induced Casimir force between nuclei and dynamical axion pair creation

Authors: Stefan Evans, Ralf Schützhold

Comments: 6 pages, 1 figure

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

[53]  arXiv:2404.17526 (replaced) [pdf, ps, other]

Title: QCD analysis of $xF_3$ structure functions in deep-inelastic scattering: Mellin transform by Gegenbauer polynomial up to N$^3$LO approximation

Authors: Fatemeh Arbabifar, Nader Morshedian, Leila Ghasemzadeh, Shahin Atashbar Tehrani

Comments: 9 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

[54]  arXiv:2405.06970 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Leptoquark-induced CLFV decays with a light SM-singlet scalar

Authors: Bibhabasu De

Comments: 8 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

[55]  arXiv:2405.07695 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: High-energy neutrinos from late-time jets of gamma-ray bursts seeded with cocoon photons

Authors: Riki Matsui, Shigeo S Kimura, Hamid Hamidani

Comments: 18 pages, 7 figures, and 1 table, submitted to ApJ

Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)

• New submissions
• Cross-lists
• Replacements