Optics

New submissions

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New submissions for Tue, 7 May 24

[1]  arXiv:2405.02516 [pdf, other]

Title: Site-Controlled Purcell-Induced Bright Single Photon Emitters in Hexagonal Boron Nitride

Authors: Mashnoon Alam Sakib, Brandon Triplett, William Harris, Naveed Hussain, Alexander Senichev, Melika Momenzadeh, Joshua Bocanegra, Ruqian Wu, Alexandra Boltasseva, Vladimir M. Shalaev, Maxim R. Shcherbakov

Comments: 41 pages, 18 figures, supplementary information

Subjects: Optics (physics.optics); Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall); Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

Single photon emitters (SPEs) hosted in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) are essential elementary building blocks for enabling future on-chip quantum photonic technologies that operate at room temperature. However, fundamental challenges, such as managing non-radiative decay, competing incoherent processes, as well as engineering difficulties in achieving deterministic placement and scaling of the emitters, limit their full potential. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate large-area arrays of plasmonic nanoresonators for Purcell-induced site-controlled SPEs by engineering emitter-cavity coupling and enhancing radiative emission at room temperature. The plasmonic nanoresonator architecture consists of gold-coated silicon pillars capped with an alumina spacer layer, enabling a 10-fold local field enhancement in the emission band of native hBN defects. Confocal photoluminescence and second-order autocorrelation measurements show bright SPEs with sub-30 meV bandwidth and a saturated emission rate of more than 3.8 million counts per second. We measure a Purcell factor of 4.9, enabling average SPE lifetimes of 480 ps, a five-fold reduction as compared to emission from gold-free devices, along with an overall SPE yield of 21%. Density functional theory calculations further reveal the beneficial role of an alumina spacer between defected hBN and gold, as an insulating layer can mitigate the electronic broadening of emission from defects proximal to gold. Our results offer arrays of bright, heterogeneously integrated quantum light sources, paving the way for robust and scalable quantum information systems.

[2]  arXiv:2405.02518 [pdf, other]

Title: High-power femtosecond molecular broadening and the effects of ro-vibrational coupling

Authors: Kevin Watson, Tobias Saule, Maksym Ivanov, Bruno E. Schmidt, Zhanna Rodnova, George Gibson, Nora Berrah, Carlos Trallero

Subjects: Optics (physics.optics)

Scaling spectral broadening to higher pulse energies and average powers, respectively, is a critical step in ultrafast science, especially for narrowband Yb based solid state lasers which become the new state of the art. Despite their high nonlinearity, molecular gases as the broadening medium inside hollow core fibers have been limited to 25 W, at best. We demonstrate spectral broadening in nitrogen at ten-fold average powers up to 250W with repetition rates from 25 to 200kHz. The observed ten-fold spectral broadening is stronger compared to the more expensive krypton gas and enables pulse compression from 1.3ps to 120fs. We identified an intuitive explanation for the observed average power scaling based on the density of molecular ro vibrational states of Raman active molecules. To verify this ansatz, spectral broadening limitations in O2 and N2O are experimentally measured and agree well. On these grounds we propose a new perspective on the role, suitability, and limits of stimulated Raman scattering at high average and peak powers. Finally, high harmonic generation is demonstrated at 200 kHz.

[3]  arXiv:2405.02565 [pdf, ps, other]

Title: On the Theoretical Analysis of Parametric Amplification of Femtosecond Laser Pulses in Crystals with a Regular Domain Structure

Authors: O. I. Sobirov, D. B. Yusupov, N. A. Akbarova, U. K. Sapaev

Subjects: Optics (physics.optics)

The parametric amplification of ultrashort (femtosecond) laser pulses in crystals with a regular domain structure (RDS) of the 5%Mg : PPLN type has been investigated theoretically. The focus was on the formation of a signal pulse in dependence of the dispersion of the medium and cubic nonlinearity. It is shown that a small deviation of the size of domains from their exact value, determined by the coherent length of nonlinear interaction of optical waves, may increase to a great extent the efficiency of signal-wave generation. The reason is that the phase shifts due to the third-order nonlinearity and dispersion of the medium (as a rule, they affect only the generalized phases of nonlinear wave interaction) may be partially compensated by the influence of the "excess" wave number of nonlinear lattice. The optimal domain sizes, at which the efficiency of signal-wave generation under conditions of self-action and nonstationarity becomes maximum, have been analyzed based on the results obtained.

[4]  arXiv:2405.02920 [pdf, ps, other]

Title: Polarimeter optical spectrum analyzer

Authors: Eyal Buks

Subjects: Optics (physics.optics)

A coherent optical spectrum analyzer is integrated with a rotating quarter wave plate polarimeter. The combined polarimeter optical spectrum analyzer (POSA) allows the extraction of the state of polarization with high spectral resolution. POSA is used in this work to study two optical systems. The first is an optical modulator based on a ferrimagnetic sphere resonator. POSA is employed to explore the underlying magneto-optical mechanism responsible for modulation sideband asymmetry. The second system under study is a cryogenic fiber loop laser, which produces an unequally spaced optical comb. Polarization measurements provide insights on the nonlinear processes responsible for comb creation. Characterizations extracted from POSA data provide guidelines for performance optimization of applications based on these systems under study.

[5]  arXiv:2405.02942 [pdf, other]

Title: Design, analysis, and manufacturing of a glass-plastic hybrid minimalist aspheric panoramic annular lens

Authors: Shaohua Gao, Qi Jiang, Yiqi Liao, Yi Qiu, Wanglei Ying, Kailun Yang, Kaiwei Wang, Benhao Zhang, Jian Bai

Comments: Accepted to Optics & Laser Technology

Subjects: Optics (physics.optics); Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV); Robotics (cs.RO); Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)

We propose a high-performance glass-plastic hybrid minimalist aspheric panoramic annular lens (ASPAL) to solve several major limitations of the traditional panoramic annular lens (PAL), such as large size, high weight, and complex system. The field of view (FoV) of the ASPAL is 360{\deg}x(35{\deg}~110{\deg}) and the imaging quality is close to the diffraction limit. This large FoV ASPAL is composed of only 4 lenses. Moreover, we establish a physical structure model of PAL using the ray tracing method and study the influence of its physical parameters on compactness ratio. In addition, for the evaluation of local tolerances of annular surfaces, we propose a tolerance analysis method suitable for ASPAL. This analytical method can effectively analyze surface irregularities on annular surfaces and provide clear guidance on manufacturing tolerances for ASPAL. Benefiting from high-precision glass molding and injection molding aspheric lens manufacturing techniques, we finally manufactured 20 ASPALs in small batches. The weight of an ASPAL prototype is only 8.5 g. Our framework provides promising insights for the application of panoramic systems in space and weight-constrained environmental sensing scenarios such as intelligent security, micro-UAVs, and micro-robots.

[6]  arXiv:2405.02993 [pdf, other]

Title: Polarization Purity and Dispersion Characteristics of Nested Antiresonant Nodeless Hollow-Core Optical Fiber at Near- and Mid-IR Wavelengths for Quantum Communications

Authors: Ivi Afxenti, Lijun Yu, Taylor Shields, Daniele Faccio, Thomas Bradley, Lucia Caspani, Matteo Clerici, Adetunmise C. Dada

Subjects: Optics (physics.optics); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

Advancements in quantum communication and sensing require improved optical transmission that ensures excellent state purity and reduced losses. While free-space optical communication is often preferred, its use becomes challenging over long distances due to beam divergence, atmospheric absorption, scattering, and turbulence, among other factors. In the case of polarization encoding, traditional silica-core optical fibers, though commonly used, struggle with maintaining state purity due to stress-induced birefringence. Hollow core fibers, and in particular nested antiresonant fibers (NANF), have recently been shown to possess unparalleled polarization purity with minimal birefringence in the telecom wavelength range using continuous-wave (CW) laser light. Here, we investigate a 1-km NANF designed for wavelengths up to the 2-{\mu}m waveband. Our results show a polarization extinction ratio between ~-30 dB and ~-70 dB across the 1520 to 1620 nm range in CW operation, peaking at ~-60 dB at the 2-{\mu}m design wavelength. Our study also includes the pulsed regime, providing insights beyond previous CW studies, e.g., on the propagation of broadband quantum states of light in NANF at 2 {\mu}m, and corresponding extinction-ratio-limited quantum bit-error rates (QBER) for prepare-measure and entanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols. Our findings highlight the potential of these fibers in emerging applications such as QKD, pointing towards a new standard in optical quantum technologies.

[7]  arXiv:2405.03053 [pdf, ps, other]

Title: Optical phased array using phase-controlled optical frequency comb

Authors: Takashi Kato, Kaoru Minoshima

Subjects: Optics (physics.optics)

We developed an optical phased array using an optical frequency comb and demonstrated its proof-of-principle. Optical phased arrays have been actively developed in recent years as a technology that can control the wavefront of light without any mechanical devices like phased array radar. Conventional optical phased arrays have been implemented using optical integrated circuits, but it has been difficult to achieve broadband operation with simple control. This is because control and calibration of a large number of phase modulators are required for each wavelength, and the dispersion of the waveguide makes whole bandwidth phase control of ultrashort pulses difficult. In contrast, we have developed a novel optical phased array that realizes wavefront control of ultrashort pulses generated by mode-locked laser by phase control of the comb, using high controllability of the comb and an optical array antenna with free-space optics. This is achieved by simply controlling the ratio of the two radio frequencies of the comb to realize a broadband optical phased array while suppressing environmental fluctuations. Experiments demonstrated broadband optical dot scanning at an optical frequency by forming an optical dot pattern and suppressing the environmental fluctuation by controlling the comb frequency. This innovative optical technology enables direct control of wavefronts by optical frequencies, i.e. controlling transverse modes by longitudinal modes.

[8]  arXiv:2405.03088 [pdf, other]

Title: Heterogeneous sapphire-supported low-loss photonics platform

Authors: Yubo Wang, Yu Guo, Yiyu Zhou, Hao Xie, Hong X. Tang

Subjects: Optics (physics.optics)

Sapphire is a promising wideband substrate material for visible photonics. It is a common growth substrate for III-nitride light-emitting diodes and laser structures. Doped sapphires are important gain media foundational to the development of titanium-sapphire and ruby lasers. For lasers operating at visible and near-infrared wavelengths, a photonic platform that minimizes loss while maximizing gain material overlap is crucial. Here, we introduce a novel low-loss waveguiding strategy that establishes high-performance integrated photonics on sapphire substrates. This platform achieves a high intrinsic quality factor of 5.6 million near 780 nm and features direct compatibility with a range of solid-state laser gain media.

[9]  arXiv:2405.03182 [pdf, ps, other]

Title: Reference-free dual-comb spectroscopy with inbuilt coherence

Authors: Mikhail Roiz, Santeri Larnimaa, Touko Uotila, Mikko Narhi, Markku Vainio

Subjects: Optics (physics.optics)

We demonstrate a simple system for dual-comb spectroscopy based on two inherently coherent optical frequency combs generated via seeded parametric down-conversion. The inbuilt coherence is established by making the two combs share a common comb line. We show that the inbuilt coherence makes it possible to use a simple numerical post-processing procedure to compensate for small drifts of the dual-comb interferogram arrival-time and phase. This enables long-time coherent averaging of the interferograms.

[10]  arXiv:2405.03369 [pdf, other]

Title: Speckle pattern analysis of PVK:rGO composite based memristor device

Authors: Ramin Jamali, Madeh Sajjadi, Babak Taherkhani, Davood Abbaszadeh, Ali-Reza Moradi

Subjects: Optics (physics.optics)

The memristors are expected to be fundamental devices for neuromorphic systems and switching applications. For example, the device made of a sandwiched layer of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) and reduced graphene composite between asymmetric electrodes (ITO/PVK:rGO/Al) exhibits bistable resistive switching behavior. Depending on the resistance state of the (ON-state or OFF-state) at a constant applied voltage, it may show two different resistivities. The performance of the memristor can be optimized by controlling the doping amount of graphene oxide in the PVK polymer. To assess the performance of the device, when it switches between ON and OFF states, optical characterization approaches are highly promising due to their non-destructive and remote nature. Here, we characterize the memristor device by the use of speckle pattern (SP) analysis. The speckle pattern is the interference of multiple light waves with random relative phases, which is generated via different mechanisms such as scattering from diffusive materials. Therefore, SPs can be used to investigate such samples as they include a huge amount of information to be statistically elaborated. The experimental paradigm includes \textit{in situ} acquisition of SPs of the PVK:rGO in different states followed by statistical post-processing toward examining its conduction mechanism. The variations in these statistical parameters are attributed to the resistance state of the PVK:rGO samples under the applied voltage with regard to the physical switching mechanism of the device. The resistance/conduction state, in turn, depends on the activity and properties of PVK:rGO memristors as well as the additional non-uniformities induced through the variations of density of carriers. The present optical methodology can be potentially served as a bench-top device for characterization purposes of similar devices while they are operating.

[11]  arXiv:2405.03399 [pdf, other]

Title: Sensitivity Enhancement of Third-order Nonlinearity Measurement in THz Frequency Range

Authors: A. Nabilkova, A. Ismagilov, M. Melnik, M. Zhukova, M. Guselnikov, S. Kozlov, A. Tcypkin

Comments: 6 pages, 4 figures

Subjects: Optics (physics.optics)

In this article for the first time we applied the eclipse Z-scan technique which is by one order of magnitude more sensitive than the conventional Z-scan technique to measure LiNbO3 crystal nonlinear refractive index in the THz range. The obtained value of LiNbO3 nonlinear refractive index is estimated to be order of 10^-11 cm^2/W which is commensurate with known results. This value correlates with the theoretically calculated nonlinear refractive index coefficient of vibrational nature. The influence of thermal nonlinearity on the experimental results can be neglected, since the estimated temperature induced refractive index change equals to 2.6*10^-5, while addition from optical nonlinearity is 2.9*10^-3. The demonstrated heightened sensitivity of eclipse Z-scan allows to hold promise for the properties evaluation of materials exhibiting lower nonlinear refractive indices, thus expanding its applicability in characterizing diverse nonlinear optical materials.

[12]  arXiv:2405.03493 [pdf, ps, other]

Title: Entangled photon pair generation from an epsilon-near-zero metasurface

Authors: Wenhe Jia, Grégoire Saerens, Ülle-Linda Talts, Helena Weigand, Robert J. Chapman, Liu Li, Rachel Grange, Yuanmu Yang

Subjects: Optics (physics.optics)

Entangled photon pair sources are essential for diverse quantum technologies, such as quantum communication, computation, and imaging. Currently, most methods for generating and manipulating entangled photon pairs rely on bulk nonlinear crystals, with some requiring sophisticated engineering. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a 68-nm-thick entangled photon pair source using a plasmonic metasurface strongly coupled to an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) material. By tailoring dual resonances at both pump and emission wavelengths and utilizing the field enhancement induced by the ENZ effect, the photon pair generation efficiency is boosted. The coincidences-to-accidentals ratio of the generated photon pairs reaches 40, well above the limit of classical light radiation. Moreover, the ENZ metasurface platform enables versatile manipulation of the system's anisotropic second-order nonlinear susceptibility tensor, allowing for direct control over the polarization states of the generated photon pairs. By conducting polarization-resolved second-harmonic generation measurements, we discuss the potential to achieve a polarization-entangled Bell state from the identical ENZ metasurface, based on the quantum-classical correspondence. Our approach opens a new avenue for simultaneously achieving the miniaturization of photon pair sources and quantum state engineering.

[13]  arXiv:2405.03600 [pdf, other]

Title: Flexible terahertz metasurface absorbers empowered by bound states in the continuum

Authors: Guizhen Xu, Zhanqiang Xue, Junxing Fan, Dan Lu, Hongyang Xing, Perry Ping Shum, Longqing Cong

Subjects: Optics (physics.optics)

Terahertz absorbers are crucial to the cutting-edge techniques in the next-generation wireless communications, imaging, sensing, and radar stealth, as they fundamentally determine the performance of detectors and cloaking capabilities. It has long been a pressing task to find absorbers with customizable performance that can adapt to various environments with low cost and great flexibility. Here, we demonstrate perfect absorption empowered by bound states in the continuum (BICs) allowing for the tailoring of absorption coefficient, bandwidth, and field of view. The one-port absorbers are interpreted using temporal coupled-mode theory highlighting the dominant role of BICs in the far-field radiation properties. Through a thorough investigation of BICs from the perspective of lattice symmetry, we unravel the radiation features of three BIC modes using both multipolar and topological analysis. The versatile radiation capabilities of BICs provide ample freedom to meet specific requirements of absorbers, including tunable bandwidth, stable performance in a large field of view, and multi-band absorption using a thin and flexible film without extreme geometric demands. Our findings offer a systematic approach to developing optoelectronic devices and demonstrate the significant potential of BICs for optical and photonic applications which will stimulate further studies on terahertz photonics and metasurfaces.

Cross-lists for Tue, 7 May 24

[14]  arXiv:2405.02304 (cross-list from physics.ins-det) [pdf, other]

Title: High-finesse nanofiber Fabry-Perót resonator in a portable storage container

Authors: S. Horikawa, S. Yang, T. Tanaka, T. Aoki, S. Kato

Comments: 4 pages, 3 figures

Subjects: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det); Optics (physics.optics); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

We present characterization and storage methods for a high-finesse nanofiber Fabry-Per\'{o}t resonator. Reflection spectroscopy from both ends of the resonator allows for evaluation of the mirror transmittances and optical loss inside the resonator. To maintain the quality of the nanofiber resonator after the fabrication, we have developed a portable storage container. By filling the container with dry, clean nitrogen gas, we can prevent contamination of the nanofiber during storage. This approach allows us to minimize the additional optical loss to less than 0.08% over a week. The portable container facilitates both the fabrication and subsequent experimentation with the resonator in different locations. This flexibility expands the range of applications, including quantum optics, communication, and sensing.

[15]  arXiv:2405.02306 (cross-list from physics.ins-det) [pdf, other]

Title: A compact and open-source microcontroller-based rapid auto-alignment system

Authors: Yanda Geng, Alan Tsidilkovski, Kevin Weber, Shouvik Mukherjee, Alessandro Restelli, Sarthak Subhankar

Comments: 6 pages, 5 figures

Subjects: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det); Optics (physics.optics)

Maintaining stable and precise alignment of a laser beam is crucial in many optical setups. In this work, we present a microcontroller-based rapid auto-alignment system that detects and corrects for drifts in a laser beam trajectory using a pair of two-dimensional duo-lateral position sensing detectors (PSDs) and a pair of mirror mounts with piezoelectric actuators. We develop hardware and software for interfacing with the PSDs and for controlling the motion of the piezoelectric mirrors mounts. Our auto-alignment strategy -- implemented as a state machine on the microcontroller by a FreeRTOS kernel -- is based on a simple linearized geometrical optical model. We benchmark our system using the standard case of coupling laser light efficiently into the guided mode of a single-mode fiber optic patch cable. We can recover the maximum fiber coupling efficiency in $\sim10$ seconds, even for a laser beam that was misaligned to the point of zero fiber coupling.

[16]  arXiv:2405.02351 (cross-list from cs.LG) [pdf, other]

Title: Towards General Neural Surrogate Solvers with Specialized Neural Accelerators

Authors: Chenkai Mao, Robert Lupoiu, Tianxiang Dai, Mingkun Chen, Jonathan A. Fan

Comments: 8 pages, 7 Figures, to be published in ICML 2024

Subjects: Machine Learning (cs.LG); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC); Optics (physics.optics)

Surrogate neural network-based partial differential equation (PDE) solvers have the potential to solve PDEs in an accelerated manner, but they are largely limited to systems featuring fixed domain sizes, geometric layouts, and boundary conditions. We propose Specialized Neural Accelerator-Powered Domain Decomposition Methods (SNAP-DDM), a DDM-based approach to PDE solving in which subdomain problems containing arbitrary boundary conditions and geometric parameters are accurately solved using an ensemble of specialized neural operators. We tailor SNAP-DDM to 2D electromagnetics and fluidic flow problems and show how innovations in network architecture and loss function engineering can produce specialized surrogate subdomain solvers with near unity accuracy. We utilize these solvers with standard DDM algorithms to accurately solve freeform electromagnetics and fluids problems featuring a wide range of domain sizes.

[17]  arXiv:2405.02541 (cross-list from math-ph) [pdf, other]

Title: Bootstrapping cascaded random matrix models: correlations in permutations of matrix products

Authors: Niall Byrnes, Gary R. W. Greaves, Matthew R. Foreman

Comments: 1 figure, 3 tables, 13 pages, submitted to journal 11 Sep 23. Supplementary movies available upon request

Subjects: Mathematical Physics (math-ph); Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph); Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an); Optics (physics.optics)

Random matrix theory is a useful tool in the study of the physics of multiple scattering systems, often striking a balance between computation speed and physical rigour. Propagation of waves through thick disordered media, as arises in for example optical scattering or electron transport, typically necessitates cascading of multiple random matrices drawn from an underlying ensemble for thin media, greatly increasing computational burden. Here we propose a dual pool based bootstrapping approach to speed up statistical studies of scattering in thick random media. We examine how potential matrix reuse in a pool based approach can impact statistical estimates of population averages. Specifically, we discuss how both bias and additional variance in the sample mean estimator are introduced through bootstrapping. In the diffusive scattering regime, the extra estimator variance is shown to originate from samples in which cascaded transfer matrices are permuted matrix products. Through analysis of the combinatorics and cycle structure of permutations we quantify the resulting correlations. Proofs of several analytic formulae enumerating the frequency with which correlations of different strengths occur are derived. Extension to the ballistic regime is briefly considered.

[18]  arXiv:2405.02690 (cross-list from physics.plasm-ph) [pdf, other]

Title: Laser wakefield acceleration of ions with a transverse flying focus

Authors: Zheng Gong, Sida Cao, John P. Palastro, Matthew R. Edwards

Comments: 11 pages, 6 figures

Subjects: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph); Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph); Applied Physics (physics.app-ph); Optics (physics.optics)

The extreme electric fields created in high-intensity laser-plasma interactions could generate energetic ions far more compactly than traditional accelerators. Despite this promise, laser-plasma accelerators have remained stagnant at maximum ion energies of 100 MeV/nucleon for the last twenty years. The central challenge is the low charge-to-mass ratio of ions, which has precluded one of the most successful approaches used for electrons: laser wakefield acceleration. Here we show that a laser pulse with a focal spot that moves transverse to the laser propagation direction enables wakefield acceleration of ions to GeV energies in underdense plasma. Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations demonstrate that this relativistic-intensity "transverse flying focus" can trap ions in a comoving electrostatic pocket, producing a monoenergetic collimated ion beam. With a peak intensity of $10^{20}\,$W/cm$^2$ and an acceleration distance of $0.44\,$cm, we observe a proton beam with $23.1\,$pC charge, $1.6\,$GeV peak energy, and $3.7\,$% relative energy spread. This approach allows for compact high-repetition-rate production of high-energy ions, highlighting the capability of more generalized spatio-temporal pulse shaping to address open problems in plasma physics.

[19]  arXiv:2405.02894 (cross-list from physics.app-ph) [pdf, ps, other]

Title: Modular plasmonic nanopore for opto-thermal gating

Authors: Ali Douaki, Shukun Weng, German Lanzavecchia, Anastasiia Sapunova, Annina Stuber, Gabriele Nanni, Nako Nakatsuka, Makusu Tsutsui, Kazumichi Yokota, Roman Krahne, Denis Garoli

Subjects: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph); Optics (physics.optics)

Solid-state nanopore gating inspired by biological ion channels is gaining increasing traction due to a large range of applications in biosensing and drug delivery. Integration of stimuli-responsive molecules such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) inside nanopores can enable temperature-dependent gating, which so far has only been demonstrated using external heaters. In this work, we combine plasmonic resonators inside the nanopore architecture with PNIPAM to enable optical gating of individual or multiple nanopores with micrometer resolution and a switching speed of few milliseconds by thermo-plasmonics. We achieve a temperature change of 40 kelvin per millisecond and demonstrate the efficacy of this method using nanopore ionic conductivity measurements that enables selective activation of individual nanopores in an array. Moreover, the selective gating of specific nanopores in an array can set distinct ionic conductance levels: low, medium, and high (i.e., 0, 1, and 2), which could be exploited for logical gating with optical signal control. Such selective optical gating in nanopore arrays marks a breakthrough in nanofluidics, as it paves the way towards smart devices that offer multifunctional applications including biosensing, targeted drug delivery, and fluidic mixing.

[20]  arXiv:2405.02896 (cross-list from quant-ph) [pdf, other]

Title: Nonclassical effects of photon-phonon antibunching in a multifield driven optomechanical cavity

Authors: Joy Ghosh, Shailendra K. Varshney, Kapil Debnath

Comments: 10 pages, 6 Figures

Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Optics (physics.optics)

The nonclassical signature of a photon-phonon pair can be tested effectively by violating Cauchy-Schwarz and Bell's inequality, which can arise due to antibunching phenomena in coupled bosonic systems. In this paper, we analyze the measurement criteria imposed on the second-order coherence functions and investigate the quantum correlations leading to the suppression of multi-photon-phonon excitation in a single optomechanical cavity upon driving it with two pumping fields. It is also shown that the Cauchy-Schwarz violation can serve as an ideal precursor to demonstrate stronger tests of locality related to Bell's inequality. We consider weak driving and optomechanical coupling coefficient parameters in the system that enables the unconventional nature of photon (phonon) blockades while operating in the resonance of cavity detuning and mechanical frequency. These findings are valuable for generating sub-Poissonian signals in optimal conditions and have potential applications in hybrid systems for on-demand single photon (phonon) detection.

[21]  arXiv:2405.02901 (cross-list from physics.atom-ph) [pdf, other]

Title: A warm Rydberg atom-based quadrature amplitude-modulated receiver

Authors: Jan Nowosielski, Marcin Jastrzębski, Pavel Halavach, Karol Łukanowski, Marcin Jarzyna, Mateusz Mazelanik, Wojciech Wasilewski, Michał Parniak

Comments: 12 pages, 10 figures

Subjects: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph); Optics (physics.optics); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

Rydberg atoms exhibit remarkable sensitivity to electromagnetic fields, making them promising candidates for revolutionizing field sensors. Unlike conventional antennas, they neither disturb the measured field nor necessitate intricate calibration procedures. In this study, we propose a protocol for signal reception near the 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi frequency band, harnessing the capabilities of warm Rydberg atoms. Our focus lies on exploring various quadrature amplitude modulations and transmission frequencies through heterodyne detection. We offer a comprehensive characterization of our setup, encompassing the atomic response frequency range and attainable electric field amplitudes. Additionally, we delve into analyzing communication errors using Voronoi diagrams, along with evaluating the communication channel capacity across different modulation schemes. Our findings not only lay the groundwork for future wireless communication applications, but also present opportunities to refine protocols in classical communication and field sensing domains.

[22]  arXiv:2405.02950 (cross-list from cond-mat.mtrl-sci) [pdf, ps, other]

Title: Long-range self-hybridized exciton polaritons in two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites

Authors: Maximilian Black, Mehdi Asadi, Parsa Darman, Finja Schillmöller, Sara Darbari, Nahid Talebi

Subjects: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci); Optics (physics.optics)

Lead halide perovskites have emerged as platforms for exciton-polaritonic studies at room temperature thanks to their excellent photoluminescence efficiency and synthetic versatility. In this work we find proof of strong exciton-photon coupling in cavities formed by the layered crystals themselves, a phenomenon known as self-hybridization effect. We use multi-layers of high quality Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites in their 2D crystalline form, benefitting from their quantum-well excitonic resonances and the strong Fabry-Perot cavity modes resulting from the total-internal-reflection at their smooth surfaces. Optical spectroscopy reveals bending of the cavity modes typical for exciton-polariton formation, and photoluminescence spectroscopy shows thickness dependent splitting of the excitonic resonance. Strikingly, local optical excitation with energy below the excitonic resonance of the flakes in photoluminescence measurements unveils coupling of light to in-plane polaritonic modes with directed propagation. These exciton-polaritons exhibit high coupling efficiencies and extremely low loss propagation mechanisms which is confirmed by finite difference time domain simulations. We therefore prove that mesoscopic 2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites flakes represent an effective but simple system to study the rich physics of exciton-polaritons at room temperature.

[23]  arXiv:2405.03048 (cross-list from cond-mat.mes-hall) [pdf, ps, other]

Title: Clip-on lens for scanning tunneling luminescence microscopy

Authors: Aleš Cahlík, Cinja C. Müller, Fabian D. Natterer

Subjects: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall); Optics (physics.optics)

We demonstrate and verify the in-situ addition of a collecting lens for electroluminescence experiments to an existing scanning tunneling microscope. We fabricate a simple clip-on lens that we reversibly attach at the sample plate via regular sample transfer tools to collimate the light emitted from a plasmonic tunneling junction to the viewport ordinarily used for optical access. The proximity of the lens to the tunneling junction allows us to exploit the full numerical aperture which helps us achieve good collection efficiencies, demonstrating the quick turnaround of converting an existing setup with optical access into a practical scanning luminescence microscope. We verify the function of the clip-on lens by measuring the bias dependent plasmon of Au, Ag, and spatial luminescence maps.

[24]  arXiv:2405.03238 (cross-list from math-ph) [pdf, other]

Title: Topological Photonic Structures with Broken Reflection Symmetry

Authors: Wei Li, Junshan Lin, Jiayu Qiu, Hai Zhang

Subjects: Mathematical Physics (math-ph); Analysis of PDEs (math.AP); Spectral Theory (math.SP); Optics (physics.optics)

In this work, we present a mathematical theory for Dirac points and interface modes in honeycomb topological photonic structures consisting of impenetrable obstacles. Starting from a honeycomb lattice of obstacles attaining $120^\circ$-rotation symmetry and horizontal reflection symmetry, we apply the boundary integral equation method to show the existence of Dirac points for the first two bands at the vertices of the Brillouin zone. We then study interface modes in a joint honeycomb photonic structure, which consists of two periodic lattices obtained by perturbing the honeycomb one with Dirac points differently. The perturbations break the reflection symmetry of the system, as a result, they annihilate the Dirac points and generate two structures with different topological phases, which mimics the quantum valley Hall effect in topological insulators. We investigate the interface modes that decay exponentially away from the interface of the joint structure in several configurations with different interface geometries, including the zigzag interface, the armchair interface, and the rational interfaces. Using the layer potential technique and asymptotic analysis, we first characterize the band-gap opening for the two perturbed periodic structures and derive the asymptotic expansions of the Bloch modes near the band gap surfaces. By formulating the eigenvalue problem for each joint honeycomb structure using boundary integral equations over the interface and analyzing the characteristic values of the associated boundary integral operators, we prove the existence of interface modes when the perturbation is small.

[25]  arXiv:2405.03317 (cross-list from hep-ph) [pdf, other]

Title: Numerical optimization of quantum vacuum signals

Authors: Maksim Valialshchikov, Felix Karbstein, Daniel Seipt, Matt Zepf

Comments: 9 pages, 7 figures

Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Optics (physics.optics)

The identification of prospective scenarios for observing quantum vacuum signals in high-intensity laser experiments requires both accurate theoretical predictions and the exploration of high-dimensional parameter spaces. Numerical simulations address the first requirement, while optimization provides an efficient solution for the second one. In the present work, we demonstrate the potential of Bayesian optimization in maximizing photonic quantum vacuum signals on the example of two-beam collisions. This allows us to find the optimal waist sizes for beams with elliptic cross sections, and to identify the specific physical process leading to a discernible signal in a coherent harmonic focusing configuration scenario.

[26]  arXiv:2405.03377 (cross-list from quant-ph) [pdf, other]

Title: High-dimensional quantum key distribution using orbital angular momentum of single photons from a colloidal quantum dot at room temperature

Authors: Dotan Halevi, Boaz Lubotzky, Kfir Sulimany, Eric G. Bowes, Jennifer A. Hollingsworth, Yaron Bromberg, Ronen Rapaport

Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Optics (physics.optics)

High-dimensional quantum key distribution (HDQKD) is a promising avenue to address the inherent limitations of basic QKD protocols. However, experimental realizations of HDQKD to date have relied on indeterministic photon sources that limit the achievable key rate. In this paper, we demonstrate a full emulation of a HDQKD system using a single colloidal giant quantum dot (gQD) as a deterministic, compact and room-temperature single-photon source (SPS). We demonstrate a practical protocol by encoding information in a high-dimensional space ($d = 3$) of the orbital angular momentum of the photons. Our experimental configuration incorporates two spatial light modulators for encoding and decoding the spatial information carried by individual photons. Our experimental demonstration establishes the feasibility of utilizing high radiative quantum yield gQDs as practical SPSs for HDQKD. We also demonstrate experimentally secure qudit transmission exceeding one secure bit per photon, thus already beating the traditional d=2 QKD capacity.

Replacements for Tue, 7 May 24

[27]  arXiv:2306.11283 (replaced) [pdf, ps, other]

Title: Computational Microscopy beyond Perfect Lenses

Authors: Xingyuan Lu, Minh Pham, Elisa Negrini, Damek Davis, Stanley J. Osher, Jianwei Miao

Subjects: Optics (physics.optics); Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft); Applied Physics (physics.app-ph); Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)

[28]  arXiv:2403.07145 (replaced) [src]

Title: Electrically Programmable Pixelated Graphene-Integrated Plasmonic Metasurfaces for Coherent Mid-Infrared Emission

Authors: Xiu Liu, Yibai Zhong, Zexiao Wang, Tianyi Huang, Sen Lin, Jingyi Zou, Haozhe Wang, Zhien Wang, Zhuo Li, Xiao Luo, Rui Cheng, Jiayu Li, Hyeong Seok Yun, Han Wang, Jing Kong, Xu Zhang, Sheng Shen

Comments: Needs more updates for the experiments

Subjects: Optics (physics.optics); Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)

[29]  arXiv:2404.07417 (replaced) [pdf, ps, other]

Title: Tunable Multimodal Guided Surface Lattice Resonances in Index-Discontinuous Environments

Authors: Suichu Huang, Kan Yao, Wentao Huang, Xuezheng Zhao, Yuebing Zheng, Yunlu Pan

Subjects: Optics (physics.optics); Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)

[30]  arXiv:2207.12760 (replaced) [pdf, ps, other]

Title: The Quadruplon in a Monolayer Semiconductor

Authors: Jiacheng Tang, Hao Sun, Qiyao Zhang, Xingcan Dai, Zhen Wang, Cun-Zheng Ning

Subjects: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci); Optics (physics.optics); Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

[31]  arXiv:2302.12792 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Resonant Parametric Photon Generation in Waveguide-coupled Quantum Emitter Arrays

Authors: Egor S. Vyatkin, Alexander V. Poshakinskiy, Alexander N. Poddubny

Comments: 10 pages, 7 figures

Journal-ref: Phys. Rev. A 108, 023715 (2023)

Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Optics (physics.optics)

[32]  arXiv:2311.17843 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Quantum trapping and rotational self-alignment in triangular Casimir microcavities

Authors: Betül Küçüköz, Oleg V. Kotov, Adriana Canales, Alexander Yu. Polyakov, Abhay V. Agrawal, Tomasz J. Antosiewicz, Timur O. Shegai

Comments: 26 pages, 13 figures

Journal-ref: Science Advances 10, eadn1825 (2024)

Subjects: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall); Optics (physics.optics)

[33]  arXiv:2312.10837 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Testing Bell-CHSH Inequalities Using topological Aharonov-Casher and He-McKellar-Wilkens Phases

Authors: H.O. Cildiroglu

Comments: 8 pages, 7 figures

Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Optics (physics.optics)

[34]  arXiv:2404.14217 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: General protocols for the efficient distillation of indistinguishable photons

Authors: Jason Saied, Jeffrey Marshall, Namit Anand, Eleanor G. Rieffel

Comments: V2: Updated Th. III.9 with stronger statement, correcting mistake in V1 proof. Include discussion and analysis of more general Fourier protocols over abelian groups. Other minor changes

Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Optics (physics.optics)

[35]  arXiv:2404.17612 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Correcting directional dark-field x-ray imaging artefacts using position-dependent image deblurring and attenuation removal

Authors: Michelle K Croughan, David M Paganin, Samantha J Alloo, Jannis N Ahlers, Ying Ying How, Stephanie A Harker, Kaye S. Morgan

Subjects: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph); Optics (physics.optics)

[36]  arXiv:2405.01558 (replaced) [pdf, other]

Title: Configurable Learned Holography

Authors: Yicheng Zhan, Liang Shi, Wojciech Matusik, Qi Sun, Kaan Akşit

Comments: 14 pages, 5 figures

Subjects: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV); Graphics (cs.GR); Machine Learning (cs.LG); Image and Video Processing (eess.IV); Optics (physics.optics)

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• Replacements